Table of Content

20 June 2015 Volume 28 Issue 3

  

Traditional Chinese medicine and natural active products

Impact of different foliar nutrition on florescence of Lonicera japonica Thunb.

TIAN Lu, PU Xiaofang, LIU Qian, SUN Xifang, ZHANG Yongqing, LI Jia

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(3):  1-5.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.03.001

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We addressed the impact of different foliar spraying of carbamide, monopotassium phosphate and borax solutions before florescence of Lonicera japonica Thunb. to intervene its florescence and guarantee the yield and quality of honeysuckle. Results show that the florescence treated by monopotassium phosphate solution is lengthened and the firstflowering date is delayed after the treatment of low concentration monopotassium phosphate solution compared with control group.For the treatment of carbamide nitrogenous solution, florescence shortens and C/N declines in growth with the increase of its concentration.Monopotassium phosphate solution of 3~6 mg/mL contributes to accumulation of soluble sugar. C/N increases with the growth of flower and flowering time prolongs. Low concentrations borax solution (less than 2 mg/mL) can delay initial flowering phase to the end of April.Florescence advances and general flowering time prolongs for boron solution of 3 mg/mL.Phosphate solution of 3~ 6 mg/mL and boron solution of 1~3 mg/mL are benefit to the prolongation of honeysuckle florescence.

Extraction process of androsinS

SUN Shiqing， SHI Jianguo， MA Yaohong， YANG Junhui

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(3):  6-10.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.03.002

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We employed medical highconcentration alcohol reflux to extract androsin. We optimized extraction conditions with L9(34) orthogonal design and androsin yield and content as main indexes. Experimental results show that the optimal extraction scheme is A1B3C3, 3 times reflux extraction for 4.5 h with 95% alcohol of 20 times medical amount (10 times amount reflux for 2 h for the first time, 6 times amount reflux for 1.5 h for the second time, and 4 times amount reflux for 1 h for the third time).

Separation and purification of flavonoids from Erigeron breviscapus by highspeed countercurrent chromatography

SUN Changlei1, 2,WANG Zhaoping1,SUN Zhaolin1,YANG Peng3,WANG Xiao2,LI Jia1*, MOU Yuzhu4

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(3):  11-15.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.03.003

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We rapidly separated and purified flavonoids from Erigeron breviscapus by highspeed counter current chromatography (HSCCC). The extraction conditions were solvent system of petroleum etherethyl acetatemethanolwater (4:6:3.5:6.5,V/V), rotation speed of 850 r/min,flow speed of 2 mL/min, and detection wavelength of 254 nm. Four flavonoids,baicalein (87 mg), luteolin (35 mg),quercetin (46 mg) and apigenin (92 mg) were separated from crude extract of 500 mg, whose purities are 94.6%, 92.5%, 98.2% and 97.5% by HPLC analysis. Experimental results show that the approach is rapid, highly efficient and purified.

Pharmacology and Toxicology

Research advances of marine antitumor peptides targeting apoptosis

LIN Xiukun,SU Shuonan

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(3):  16-22.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.03.004

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Apoptosis plays an important role in formation and development of a cancer. Targeting apoptotic pathway has become a significant strategy for developing chemotherapeutic agents. Marine peptides is an important source for antitumor drugs, most of which can exert antitumor effect by inducing apoptotic pathway. We survey recently discovered marine peptides and apoptotic signal pathway for drug antigenicity and drug sources in the development for such marine drugs.

Toxicity of aloeemodine to embryos growth and behavior of zebrafish

HE Qiuxia1,DONG Zhenlan1,2, CHU Jie1, SUN Guijin2,HAN Liwen1, HAN Jian1, LIU Kechun1*

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(3):  23-28.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.03.005

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We addressed the impact of aloeemodine on embryos growth and behavior of zebrafish with zebrafish embryo as a model. Experimental results show that aloeemodineof more than 1.0 μg/mL concentration has lethal effect to zebrafish embryos. This effect is strengthened with the increase of concentration and action time. Aloeemodine has obstruction effect to the incubation of zebrafish embryos. Aloeemodine of more than 1.0 μg/mL concentration makes zebrafish embryos to exhibit such malformation as yolk abnormal extension, growth retardation and body bending. However, Aloeemodine has no obvious effect on the behavior of zebrafish larvae. Experimental results demonstrate that we should fully consider aloeemodine dosage and medication time when we clinically apply aloeemodine to the treatment for such special patients as pregnant women.

Protection effect of resveratrol to astemizoleinduced cardiac injury of zebrafish embryos

XUE Di, HAN Liwen, YANG Jifang, HE Qiuxia,WANG Xue,HOU Hairong，ZHANG Aiping, LIU Kechun

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(3):  29-33.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.03.006

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We explore the protection effect of different concentrations resveratrol to astemizoleinduced cardiac injury of zebrafish embryos.We treat zebrafish embryos with 4 μmol/L astemizole and different concentrations resveratrol with normal growth 48 hpf zebrafish embryo as an experimental model.We observe cardiac phenotypes, heart rates and the variation of SVBA at 72 hpf. Astemizole group shows heart injury such as pericardium edema, blood cell accumulation around the heart, heart rate reduction and SVBA interval shortening after drug feeding. However, astemizoleinduced heart toxicity significantly decreases with the increase of resveratrol concentration for resveratrol group.We therefore think resveratrol can protect astemizoleinduced cardiac injury of zebrafish embryos.

Agricultural Microbiology

Trichoderma distribution of coastal beach and wetland ofthirteen provinces and autonomous regions

ZHAO Xiaoyan, WU Xiaoqing, LI Zhe, ZHAO Zhongjuan,CHEN Quan, CHEN Kai, LI Jishun, YANG Hetong

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(3):  34-38.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.03.007

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We collected 837 soil and water samples from the coastal beaches and wetlands ofthirteen provincesand autonomous regions, 827 Trichoderma stains among which were isolated. Experimental results show that Trichoderma is more easily isolated from soil samples than from water samples. Moreover, lower salt content in soil samples is more easy for Trichoderma isolation.Altitude is another vital factor influencing Trichoderma distribution.Isolation rate of Trichodermais the highest when its altitude ranges from 100 m to 1 200 m. This may attribute to the rich vegetation at such altitudes.

Screening and identification of antagonistic bacteria strain BMJBN02 and its effect on grape downy mildew

XIE Xueying,WANG Yilian,HU Jindong,LI JiShun, YANG HeTong

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(3):  39-44.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.03.008

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6 strains exhibiting antagonistic activities against grape downy mildew blight were obtained by the method of plate observation．By the detection of metabolites, the strain BMJBN02 was provided with the optimum efficiency of cellulase,chitinase and β1,3glucanase, and its hydrolysis circle on the plant was the largest. The results showed the strain BMJBN02 was identified as Bacillus.megaterium,through analyzing its morphological,physiological and biochemical characteristics,16S rDNA sequence and phylogenetics．Using the leaf disc for screening, it was significant that area of the mold layer significantly reduced inhibitory effect in leaves treated by strain BMJBN02, with the disease incidence reduced from 100% to 42.3% and disease stage reduced from 65.3 to 18.6.

Energy and Power

Molecular dynamics simulation of thermal transport along the interface between multiwall carbon nanotube and its substrate

YANG Dewei, YUAN Kunpeng, SUN Mingman, WANG Zhaoliang

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(3):  45-49.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.03.009

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Thermal coupling between carbon nanotube (CNT) and its substrate plays a predominant role in thermal transport along their interface. We employ nonequilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) to simulate the thermal coupling between CNT and its Si substrate. We further acquire the temperature and force effects of thermal boundary conductance and analyze them with phonon transport theory. Phonon state density between multiwall carbon nanotube (MWNT) and Si well matches at low temperature.Interface thermal transport ability depends on lowfrequency phonon coupling resonance scattering at two sides of the interface. Thermal transport ability at near interface region is affected by phonon inelastic scattering. Thermal boundary conductance linearly increases with the increase of van der Waals force.

Experimental research on the impact of surface morphology on boiling heat transfer

ZHANG Chengwu, JIANG Guilin, GUAN Ning, LIU Zhigang

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(3):  50-54.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.03.010

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We experimentally investigate pool boiling heat transfer on four 16 mm×24 mm sized copper plane, 120 mesh sand paper polished surface, corroded metal surface and micro channels surface with deionized water as working fluid. Results show that heat transfer flux density increases with the increase of temperature difference ΔT for the four heat transfer surfaces. The boiling heat transfer of the copper plane is less than that of the other three surfaces, so slightly corroded surface is more benefit for boiling heat transfer. No bubbles generate on the four surfaces when ΔT<4 ℃. Boiling heat transfer of 120 mesh sand paper polished surfaceis greater than that of micro channels surface when ΔT=6 ℃.

Optical Fiber and Photonic sensingtechnology

A fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor applicable for bone tumor hyperthermia treatment

ZHAO Weisong,YUE Jianhui,LI Jun,WEI Yubin

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(3):  55-59.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.03.011

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We devise an optical fiber grating based temperature sensor for such issues as traditional electronic sensor failing to work in microwave field in bone tumor microwave hyperthermia, a probe apt to fracture when stuck into periosteum and to short life time. It includes a temperature sensing probe and a fiber grating multipoint temperature detector. Its special integration structure design and packaging technology and 0.5 mm wall thick probe improve its mechanical strength, especially for its probe. This guarantees its whole sealing performance.Stainless steel material extends its life time.Experimental results show that it has detection accuracy of±0.3 ℃ and temperature response time of 5 s.Clinical application demonstrates that it has high resolution of 0.01 ℃,high accuracy and reliability and strong electromagnetic interference suppression capability.

Application of fiber Bragg grating sensor in vibration monitoring of mechanical and electrical equipment

LI Shujuan,WANG Chang, MIN Li, LIU Xiaohui

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(3):  60-64.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.03.012

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We design an online monitoring system for mechanical and electrical equipment based on fiber Bragg grating sensing technology. Test results show that it has better frequency response and repeatability. We apply the system to the vibration monitoring for a turbine and implement realtime and online status monitoring for an electrical and mechanical equipment. Its detection result is basically identical to those of a standard acceleration sensor and a handset speedometer. Longterm application shows that it has higher accuracy and stability.

Tranfic and Transportation

Optimal design of urban rail transit feeder bus routes

WEI Chao, LONG Jiancheng

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(3):  65-73.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.03.013

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Effective connection between urban rail transport and general ground public transport is essential for improving the efficiency of urban public transport systems. We detailedly analyze passenger travel time cost and transit vehicle operating cost of feeder bus system. We construct an optimization model for urban rail transit feeder bus route design and optimize bus line layout and travel frequency with the minimization of total cost of the feeder bus system as an objective, considering such constraints as bus line layout, passenger flow conservation, and vehicle capacity. We also devise an artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm to solve the model based on its characteristics. We apply many neighbor areas search strategy to the algorithm and calibrate its parameters to improve its computation efficiency and stability. Numerical cases show that the algorithm can well optimize the layout of feeder bus routes, and is superior to genetic algorithm in solution quality, stability and computation efficiency.

DEA model based operation efficiency of an urban metro transit system

XIE Zhixiang，REN Shixin，LI Yang，LIU Jingyu

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(3):  74-79.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.03.014

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We construct an index system evaluating urban subway operating efficiency from input and output with 20 running urban subway traffic systems as subjects. We further divide their operation efficiency into high,higher and low efficient levels based on data envelop analysis (DEA) model.Moreover, we also analyze current input and output characteristics for these urban subway traffic systems, and find their existing deficiency.It provides the reference for relative departments to make scientific decision.

Other Research Article

Sufficient conditions of a maximally 3restricted edge connected graph

WANG Meiyu, WANG Shiying

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(3):  80-83.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.03.015

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Let S be an edge subset in a connected graph G. S is a krestricted edge cut if GS is disconnected and the order of its every connected branch is at least k.The cardinality of a minimum krestricted edge cut of graph G is denoted by λκ (G).Let ξκ(G)=min{|［X,X］|:|X|=k,G［X］is connected}, where X=V(G)＼X. A graph G is maximally krestricted edge connected if λk(G)=ξk(G). Let G be a λ3connected graph with girth more than five. We prove that G is maximally 3restricted edge connected if it does not contain five vertices u1,u2,v1,v2,v3 satisfying d(ui,vj)≥3(i=1,2;j=1,2,3).

Terahertz timedomain spectroscopy based detection and identification illegal cooking oil

TIAN Qili, WEI Pengfei,JIN Lifen,WANG Zhenguo,WANG Yanwei, YANG Guangcan

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(3):  84-89.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.03.016

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Vibration and rotation frequencies of grease molecules are near to terahertz band and they can cause resonant by interaction with THz wave, so terahertz timedomain spectroscopy (THzTDS) can rapidly and sensitively detect and identify legal and illegal cooking oils. We extract the characteristic information of THz spectrum of illegal cooking oils through comparing timedomain/frequencydomain spectra of legal oil, frying oil and illegal oil in the range of 0.3~1.6 THz and analyzing their optical parameters such as time delay, refractive index, absorption coefficient and absorption peak. This provides experimental basis and effective approach for detection and identification of illegal cooking oil.Results show that THzTDS spectroscopy can effectively distinguish legal and illegal cooking oils with spectrum characteristic and unique illegal cooking oil functional group information.

LDend pumped Nd:YAG/MWCNT passively Qswitched modelocked laser characteristic

LI Jian，ZHANG Zhilong，HU Wen，XU Yongna

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(3):  90-95.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.03.017

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We originally addressed the output characteristics of a diodepumped passively Qswitched modelocked Nd:YAG laser with a multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) as a saturate absorbent. The average slop efficiencies of continuous wave (CW) and Qswitched modelocking (QML) operation were 35.7% and 14.9%. Repetition rate of Qswitched envelope varied from 45.2 to 128.8 kHz. Width of the shortest Qswitched envelope pulse was 95 ns, containing only 10 modelocked pulses. The energies of maximal single Qswitched envelope pulse and modelocked pulse were 14.6 and 1.31 μJ. The width of modelocked pulse was about 461 ps, whose highest peak power was 2.84 kW.

Rapid simulation of protein microsecond level folding process

LIN Yun, ZHANG Shaolong,ZHANG Qinggang, ZHANG Yici

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(3):  96-103.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.03.018

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We performed molecular dynamics simulation for four proteins, CLN025 (2ZEI), MHA6 (2I9M), TrpCage (1L2Y) and Villin(3TRW) on GEX670GPU with AMBER ff12SB force field and Generalized Born (GBNeck2) implicit solvent model. Results show that folding time and RMSD compared to its crystal structure are 5.94 μs and 0.897  for protein 2ZEI, 0.191 μs and 1.142 for protein 219M, 4.23 μs and 1.37  for protein Villin, and 2.49 μs and 0.63  protein TrpCage.It demonstrates that microsecond level protein folding simulation can be implemented on a desktop workstation with GPU computing.

Duffing chaotic oscillator based cable insulation degradation monitoring method

HE Yongnan, LI Dahai, REN Hongxiang

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(3):  104-109.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.03.019

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Insulation performance of XLPE power cable is closely related to the formation and development of its water trees. We employ AC voltage superimposition approach to monitor its insulation status. We also establish a Duffing chaotic oscillator with 1 Hz periodic driving force to accurately measure 1 Hz characteristic current by means of its characteristic that it is sensitive to the signal whose frequency is identical with the periodic signal, but suppressive to noise.Simulation results show that its detection precision is 10 nA.

Regional division based improvement for DVHop localization algorithm

XIA Shaobo，LIAN Lijun，ZOU Jianmei，ZHU Xiaoli

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(3):  110-116.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.03.020

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DVHop node localization algorithm employs hop count multiplied by average per hop distance to estimate the distance between two nodes. However, hop count and average per hop distance are closely related to node density and communication radius. We present a regional division based DVHop localization improved algorithm, HRDVHop (Hop Regional division DVHop, HRDVHop) for the negative of traditional DVHop algorithm. We use RSSI algorithm for onehop node, hop count correction method and limitation mechanism for two or more hop nodes. MATLAB simulation results show that the improved algorithm can effectively reduce distance estimation error between two nodes and improve localization accuracy, as compared with other algorithms in the same network hardware and topology.