Table of Content

20 August 2015 Volume 28 Issue 4

  

Oceanographic Science, Technology and Equipment

Design of wave simulation and calibration system

LI Xuanqun,FAN Xiutao, ZHANG Jiming, WAN Xiaozheng, LI Wenqing

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(4):  1-7.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.04.001

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We design a set of wave simulation calibration system based on the principle of gravity acceleration wave sensor.Its parameters are adjustable forwave height of 0.5 ~ 9 m, and cycle of 2 ~ 40 s.We mount a wave sensor on a circular truss of uniform rotation based on sine wave theory.The trajectory of the wave sensor can be considered as a sine wave, which is simulated the calibration.Its control system controls rotational radius of the wave sensor and the rotational cycle of the truss in order to achieve the simulation and calibration for wave height and wave period.We eventually employ finite element analysis for truss overall structural strength and stiffness.We also analyze its calibration precision, and acquire the wave height accuracy of ± 2 mm and wave cycle accuracy of ± 0.1 s.The results satisfy the requirement of design and operation.

Hydrodynamic characteristics simulation for ocean data buoy in frequency domain

ZHANG Jiming, FAN Xiutao, ZHAO Qiang, LI Xuanqun, ZHENG Shanshan

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(4):  8-13.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.04.002

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We established a motion differential equation in frequency domain for hydrodynamic characteristics of ocean data buoy.We also simulated buoy modelmotion in wave based on potential flow theory.We discovered a significant simulation result deviation existed, as compared with tank test results.We acquired damping coefficient of a buoy model by roll decay test of the model to improve the accuracy of simulation results.Damping matrix of the model was also corrected.The accuracy of the corrected simulation results was greatly improved, less than 3% of average error, as compared with the experimental results.This can therefore satisfy the requirements of engineering applications.

Traditional Chinese medicine and natural active products

Separation and preparation of chemical components from sea cucumberderived fungus Epicoccum sp.by twodimensional highthroughput chromatography

QI Jun,XIA Xuekui,JIA Airong,LIU Xin,ZHANG Miansong,LIU Changheng

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(4):  14-18.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.04.003

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We established a new method for separation and preparation of pimarane diterpenes from sea cucumberderived fungus Epicoccum sp.by twodimensional highthroughput chromatography.It was performed with MeOHH2O as solvent, flow rate of 40 mL/min, main separation detection wavelength of 254 nm and second separation detection wavelength of 220 nm.Pimarane diterpenes were isolated from 1.5 g ethyl acetate extract fromsea cucumberderived fungus Epicoccum sp.Their structureswere identified by spectroscopic data (1H NMR and MS).The method is simple and rapid, reduces irreversible sample adsorption,and provides a new approach for separation and preparation of pimarane diterpenes.

Multi-index comprehensive evaluation for Sanqi tablets quality

Wu Qun

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(4):  19-24.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.04.004

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We evaluate the quality of Sanqi tablets from 12 manufacturers by multiindex comprehensive evaluation method.We determine the contents of Sanqi tablets alcohol extract, total saponins, Rg1 saponins, panax ginseng and panax Rb1 saponins, ginsenosides R1by hot dipping, UV spectrophotometry, and HPLC.We further acquire determination results of the five indexes and comprehensive index Y.Obvious distinction exists for the index Y.Results show that the quality of Sanqi tablets different for different manufacturers.Multiindex comprehensive evaluation method can be applied to comprehensive evaluation for the quality of Sanqi tablets.

Impact of honeyfired processing on organic acid components in Cimicifugae Rhizoma

YU Xiao1,DAI Yanpeng2

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(4):  25-29.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.04.005

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We develop a determination method for cafeic acid,ferulic acid, isoferulic acid in Cimicifugae Rhizoma with HPLC and address the impact of honeyfired processing on organic acid in Cimicifugae Rhizoma.We employed Thermo AcclaimTM120 C18 column(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm）to perform gradient elution with acetonitrile0.1％phosphoric acid as mobile phase, flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, column temperature of 25 ℃, and detection wavelength of 316 nm.Results show that better linear relationship exists in 0~0.028 μg for cafeic acid（R＝0.999 5）, 0~0.067 μg for ferulic acid（R＝0.999 4）and 0~0.27 μg for isoferulic acid（R＝0.999 9）.Their recovery rates are 99.8％,99.4% and 101.6%.The method is simple,reliable and accurate and can be used for proving some influences of honeyfired processing on the three organic acid in Cimicifugae Rhizoma.

Content determination of 2-Ethyl-3-hydroxy-4-pyrone reference with 1HNMR spectroscopy

WANG Zhaoping1,ZHU Heng1,WANG Xiao2,GENG Yanling2,XIAN Yunxia1,YU Jinqian2*

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(4):  30-34.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.04.006

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We established a rapid and accurate method to determine the content of 2Ethyl3hydroxy4pyrone reference by quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance.We acquired1HNMR spectra of 2Ethyl3hydroxy4pyrone and benzoic acid mixture at 25 ℃ with Varian Inova 600 MHz spectrometer, DMSOd6 as solution, and benzoic acid as internal standard.We determined the contents of 3 batches of 2Ethyl3hydroxy4pyrone were 99.47%, 99.34% and 99.51% with proton signals at δH 6.34 of 2Ethyl3hydroxy4pyrone and δH 7.95 of benzoic acid as quantification peaks, whose linear regression equation of peak areas ratio y(As/Ar) and mass ratio x(ms/mr) was y = 0.8058x+0.0873 and correlation coefficient was 0.999 0.The method can be applied to content determination and quality control of 2Ethyl3hydroxy4pyrone reference without any references.It can also provide references for content determination of other substances.

Rapid non-destructive analysis for yam main ingredients with ATR technique

LIU Xiaofei, LI Jia, LIU Qia

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(4):  35-40.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.04.007

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We construct a rapid nondestructive analysis approach for fresh yam by ATR infrared spectroscopy technology.We also compare the infrared spectrum of ATR technique, IR potassium bromide tablet,and conventional transmission method.We further test different thickness and types yam samples by ATR technique.Results show that the result of ATR technique is identical to that of conventional IR potassium bromide tablet, and more accurate and efficient than that of conventional transmission method.Sample thickness has no influence on test results.This experiment establishes a simple, rapid, and information comprehensive analysis method for fresh yam.It can provide a reference for quality control and rapid identification of Chinese herbal medicines.

Separation and purification of alkaloids from Litsea cubeba (Lour．)Pers. by pHzonerefining countercurrent chromatography

SUN Li1,GONG Chengyu2,YANG Peng3, CHEN Yanping2,YANG Bingtian3,LIU Jianhua4*

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(4):  41-45.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.04.008

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We construct a method for separating and purifying alkaloids from Litsea cubeba(Lour．) Pers.by pHzonerefining countercurrent chromatography (CCC).Our experimental conditions are solvent of chloroformmethanolwater(4:3:2,V/V),upper stationary phase of 70 mmol/L HCl, lower mobile phase of 10 mmol/L TEA, revolution speed of 800 r/min, flow rate of 2 mL/min, detection wavelength of 254 nm, and stationary phase retention rate of 65%.We acquire 246 mg of boldine, 524 mg of laurotetanine and 317 mg of isoboldine from 1.5 g crude extract of Litsea cubeba(Lour．) Pers.through one time pHzonerefining CCC.Their purities are 97.35%, 95.48% and 97.54% by HPLC analysis.Results show that pHzonerefining CCC can effectively separate and prepare major active components of Litsea cubeba(Lour．) Pers.,aporphine alkaloids.

Tranfic and Transportation

Information entropy based comprehensive transportation development and regional industrial structure adaptability

YANG Yuqi，JIA Yuanhua，LI Huanan，JI Yapeng

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(4):  46-51.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.04.009

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Close interaction exists between transportation and regional economic development.Their coordination degree is significant for integration and optimization of the whole system.We construct a comprehensive traffic development and evaluation index system of regional industrial structure adaptability from total fitness, competency and efficiency adaptabilities based on system analysis of comprehensive traffic and regional economic adaptability factors.We also perform a quantitative analysis based on information entropy theory.Adaptability evaluation is done, taking Hubei province as an example.Results show that evaluation index system and the method are effective.

Evaluation of operation scheme for passenger dedicated line train

GAO Weidong，JIA Yuanhua，ZHANG Liangliang，JI Yapeng

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(4):  52-57.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.04.010

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Evaluation of operation scheme for passenger dedicated line is the guarantee for railway operation revenue, and also the basis for train operation scheme optimization.We comprehensively construct it from operators and passengers and four dimensions (economy, technology, safety and service) based on its analysis.We further employ a principal component analysis and grey evaluation hybrid model to totally evaluate train operation scheme.We verify the correctness of the evaluation index system and its feasibility with practical cases.The evaluation index system and results will practically guide railway transportation.

Environment and Ecology

Speciation analysis of heavy metals in oilpolluted soil of Shengli Oilfield

FU Xiaowen, CHEN Guanhong, CHI Jianguo, QIU Weizhong, WANG Jianing, CUI Zhaojie

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(4):  58-64.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.04.011

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Longterm crude oil exploitation has led to soil deterioration in Shengli Oilfield.Knowledge about accumulation and speciation of heavy metals in oilpolluted soil is the key to clear understanding of soil quality issue at this region.We analyze the speciation and content of 4 heavy metals (Zn, Pb, Cd and Ni) through modified BCR and DTPA extraction methods, taking the soil of Gudao oil region as an example.Results reveal that Zn and Cd have higher activity and bioavailability in the soil, so potential pollution risk exists.On the other hand, we discover that the source and speciation of Cd and Ni are probably affected by oil pollution in the soil by analysis of available form of heavy metals in well soil of different exploitation ages.

Performance of emulsified asphalt full thickness cold recycling subgrade materials

YIN Xiaobo1,LI Junxiao2*

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(4):  65-70.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.04.012

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Cement and emulsified asphalt were employed to solidify RAP and stabilized soil, which were then employed to prepare full thickness cold recycling subgrade materials.We addressed the impact of emulsified asphalt adding amount change on unconfined compressive strength, indirect tensile strength and water stability of different ratios of cold recycled mixtures.We further state the function mechanism of cement and emulsified asphalt in the mixtures via microscopic test.Results show that appropriate emulsified asphalt addition can improve the performance of cold recycled mixtures, the optimum emulsified asphalt addition of 3%.Microscopic test indicates cement hydration formed space network structure interfingers with emulsified asphalt postemulsion formed asphalt network structure,not detachable.They closely combine the cold recycled mixtures to be a semirigid whole.The strength of the cold mixtures can be formed and developed.

Other Research Article

Triangle inequalities in L-fuzzy normed spaces

MAO Minghua，GU Xiuxiu

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(4):  71-72.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.04.013

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We address Lfuzzy norm of Lfuzzy points in Lfuzzy normed space.We further acquire triangle inequalities for arbitrary two Lfuzzy points.

Bounded oscillation analysis for a type of thirdorder halflinear timelag dynamic equations with oscillating coefficients in time scale

GUO Lijuan, ZHU Weijun, WANG Junjun

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(4):  73-78.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.04.014

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We address the bounded oscillation criteria for thirdorder halflinear timelag dynamic equations in time scale.We also present determinant conditions that Atype (or Btype) solutions do not exist in such equations with operator and integral and extend some known results for the oscillation of thirdorder dynamic equations.

New records of Shandong native and naturalized plants

XIN Xiaowei1,BU Ruilan2,GAO Demin1*

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(4):  79-82.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.04.015

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We report three native plants,Iris uniflora Pall.ex Link, Cirsium pendulum Fisch.ex DC., Ligularia fischeri (Ledeb.) Turcz.,and three naturalized plants Chenopodium pumilio R.Br.,Solanum sarrachoides Sendtn.,Tragopogon dubius Scop.as newly recorded species in Shandong province.

FDTD research of broadband backward electromagnetic scattering from exponential distribution rough land surface

WU Jian, REN Xincheng, ZHU Xiaomin

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(4):  83-88.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.04.016

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We simulate exponential distribution rough land surface with Monte Carlo method.We also address wideband electromagnetic scattering of rough land surface corresponding to Gaussian pulse incident wave by finitedifference timedomain (FDTD) method.Backward scattering coefficients of different frequency response are obtained through numerical calculation.We further analyze the influences of correlation length, rootmeansquare of height fluctuation, soil moisture and incident angle variations on backward scattering coefficient.We eventually acquire wideband backward electromagnetic scattering characteristics of exponential distribution rough land surface.

Application of hybrid programming with VB and MATLAB in well trajectory design

ZHOU Zhiwen，MA Weiguo

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(4):  89-93.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.04.017

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To improve the convenience of coiled tube drilling trajectory design, we employ COM component based VB and MATLAB hybrid programming method and encapsulate the drawing code.It can draw the corresponding figure and compare the characteristics of different parameters figures,if only parameter value is instantaneously changed.We realize the calling of VB based multiple modules to one MATLAB program, which decreases the workload of program writing and improves software development efficiency.

Performance test process of a Web application system and its application

SONG Shitao

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(4):  94-100.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.04.018

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We present an effective performance testing process model for a Web application system, based on LoadRunner, Segue and PTGM performance testing models.It covers the whole process from project plan, testing policy, to result analysis and test report output.We introduce a control library to guarantee fruit quality at every stage in a test process.We finish performance testing process for a given Web application system with the model, obtain all expected results,and verify its reliability.

Statisticsbased rule definition and application for license recycling

SUN Jian1,YANG Pengtao1,ZHANG Yuan2

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(4):  101-106.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.04.019

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Existing feather and threshold selection lack quantitative models and methods in license recycling rule.We analyze feature sensitivity and correlation by such statistical methods as differential coding, information entropy, correlation matrix, based on formalization defined parameter model.We also define feathers and threshold with sensitivity,cost minimization,convergence consistency and stability principles.The method can select CPU utilization rate as the only feature item from several candidates and set the threshold of 8% and statuscheck interval of 1 136 s.Experimental results show that it is simple, effective and easily programed.

Software implementation of convex ultrasonic digital scan conversation

WANG Xia

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(4):  107-110.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.04.020

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We employ Rtheta interpolation and frame correlation to achieve convex ultrasonic digital scan conversion for bad flexibility and higher cost of hardware digital scan conversion in Bultrasonic system.Results show that it can quickly display images and satisfy the requirement of realtime image display, final video frame frequency of 30 f/s.