Shandong Science

Single molecular analysis of the interaction between DNA and chitosan

ZHANG Xu, WANG Yan-Wei, YANG Guang-Can

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2014, 27(3): 1-6. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2014.03.001

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We applied an atomic force microscopy（AFM）and a single molecular magnetic tweezer（MT）to the interaction between DNA and chitosan of different concentrations. We investigated their condensed morphologies and time dependent force curves. 0.2 to 0.5 μm steps and linear incremental area would appear from the DNA force curves for the MT experiment when the charge ratio of chitosan and DNA (k) is 3 and 4. The phenomenon may come from the circular, rod and spherical structures of DNAchitosan complexes. We also employed AFM to observe the condensed morphologies due to the interaction between λDNA or bpr322DNA and chitosan. The proportion of spherical and rod structures and the size of condensates significantly decreased with the increase of k. We eventully constructed a concrete model of DNA morphology variety caused by chitosan.

DPPH-HPLC based preliminary research on antioxidantactivity fingerprint for Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus(A. Agassiz)

ZHAO Heng-Qiang, CHEN Jun-Hui, GENG Yan-Ling, LIU Jian-Hua, WANG Xiao

J4. 2014, 27(3): 7-11. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2014.03.002

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We identify the origin of Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus(A. Agassiz) with a DPPH-HPLC based antioxidant fingerprint. DPPH-HPLC was employed to screen the antioxidant of water extract of Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus.Antioxidant based fingerprint combined with similarity analysis was employed to identify the authenticity of different Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus. Results show that the approach can distinguish Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus from different origins. Thus, it has the potential to become a new method for the identification of marine Chinese medicines.

Separation and preparation of paeoniflorin from Paeonia lactiflora Pall. by HSCCC with salt solution system

LIU Hao, HANG Wei, ZHOU Xiao-Jing, CHEN Yi-Lun, WANG Xiao, DUAN Wen-Juan

J4. 2014, 27(3): 12-16. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2014.03.003

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We established a method of separation and preparation of paeoniflorin from Paeonia lactiflora Pall. by highspeed counter current chromatography (HSCCC) with salt solution system. The separation was performed with butanolethyl acetate5%Na2SO4 (aq) (4:1:5,V/V) as a twophase solvent system, flow rate of 2.0 mL/min, rotation number of 800 r/min and detection wavelength of 254 nm. We obtained paeoniflorin of 56.13 mg from the crude extracts of 100 mg at one time. Its purity was more than 98%, which was determined by high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）. The structure of the target compound was identified by electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (ESIMS),1Hnuclear magnetic resonance (¹H-NMR) and ¹³C-nuclear magnetic resonance (¹³C-NMR). The method is simple and reproducible and suitable for separation and preparation of paeoniflorin.

Absorption and recognition performance of gastrodin molecularly imprinted polymers

CHEN Ling-Xiao, MA Xiu-Li, WANG Xiao, GENG Yan-Ling, GAO Qan-Shan, XIE Hong-Kai, JI Wen-Hua

J4. 2014, 27(3): 17-22. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2014.03.004

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We synthesized molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) with selective absorption effect on gastrodin by molecular imprinting technology and gastrodin as a template. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and equilibrium absorption experiment reveal that MIPs are rough and porous and have many binding points higher absorption capacity, as compared with nonimprinted polymers (NIPs). MIPs can reach 88.38% of their equilibrium absorption capacity within 30 min in absorption kinetics. Absorption capacity of MIPs to gastrodin is much greater than to glucose, so they exhibit better selective absorption capacity. Results indicate that MIPs, selective stuffings, have such potency as extracting and separating gastrodin from natural sources.

Screening, identification and biocontrol effect determination of antagonistic bacteria against Phytophthora capsici

SUN Bing-Bing, YIN Hong-Ying, LI Wei, WEI Jun, TIAN Tao

J4. 2014, 27(3): 23-29. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2014.03.005

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More than 10 000 bacterial strains were separated from rhizosphere soil of vegetables from Tianjin, Hebei, Shandong, Shanxi, Fujian, Henan and Jiangsu, from which 802 strains exhibiting obvious antagonistic effect on Phytophthora capsici were selected. We further screened 62 strains having better antagonistic effect on Rhizoctonia solani, Botrytis cinerea and Pythium aphanidermatum from these 802 strains. Greenhouse pot experiments against P. capsici show that control effects of 6 strains are higher than 70%, Control effects of strain TB1340, 82%, are highest. Determination results of its biology characteristics demonstrate that it has stronger activity producing chitinase, cellulase and β-1,3-glucanase. It is preliminarily identified as Bacillus sp. by 16S rRNA sequence analysis combined with morphology observation.

The control effects of antagonistic Paenibacillus polymyxa PB-2 and its preparation against grape downy mildew

HU Jin-Dong, WU Yuan-Zheng, LI Ji-Shun, WEI Yan-Li, CHEN Quan, YANG He-Tong

J4. 2014, 27(3): 30-33. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2014.03.006

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We employed floating leaf disc test to determine the control effects of antagonistic Paenibacillus polymyxa PB-2 against grape downy mildew. Results show that when PB-2 is 10⁸ cfu/mL,the fermentation broth and aseptic fermentation filtrate both have better inhibitory effects on grape downy mildew. Their inhibitory rates are 77.21% and 60.24%. We also prepared wettable powder (WP) of PB-2. Field tests indicate that the relative control effects of 50 and 100 times dilution PB-2 WP against grape downy mildew are 46.91% and 36.99% after 1 week and 46.44% and 42.10% after 2 weeks. This demonstrates that PB-2 WP has better field application prospect for controlling grape downy mildew.

Screening of insecticides for larvae of Athelis lepigone(Möschler) and analysis of their activity influential factors

QIN Qiu-Ju, LIU Shun, YANG Xiang-Dong, LI Zhe

J4. 2014, 27(3): 34-38. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2014.03.007

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Athelis lepigone(Möschler) is a new pest doing serious damage to summer corn. Selecting effective insecticides can guide its field prevention and control. We employed dipping method to determine the contact toxicity of 12 kinds of insecticides to fieldcollected 5th and the laboratory bred 4th instar larvae. Results indicate that 40% phoxim EC, 480 g·L^-1chlorpyrifos EC and 4.5% beta cypermethrin EW have better poisonous effects on 4th and 5th instar larvae. The LC50 of 40% phoxim EC, 480 g·L^-1chlorpyrifos EC and 4.5% beta cypermethrin EW to 4th instar larvae of A. lepigone are 0.244 mg·L^-1, 0.308 mg·L^-1 and 0.406 mg·L^-1 after 72 hours. Their relative toxicity indexes are 5.9, 4.7 and 3.6 times that of 30% acephate EC. Poisonous activity of insecticides to A. lepigone depends on insecticide type, formulation type, local insecticide employment history and the instar of larva. Phoxim EC, chlorpyrifos EC and beta cypermethrin EW should be preferentially selected to perform spraying, root pouring or insecticide mixed earth in the period of lowage instars of A. lepigone.

Spatial structure analysis of artificial forest of Pinus tabulaeformis,Robinia pseudoacaia and Platycladus orientalis from Lushan National Forest Park

WANG Kai, CAO Bang-Hua, SUN Chao, CHEN Jian-Jian, TAI Xiu-Guo, YANG Zhen-Ya

J4. 2014, 27(3): 39-43. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2014.03.008

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We analyzed the spatial structure of Pinus tabulaeformis,Robinia pseudoacaia and Platycladus orientalis from Lushan national forest park with traditional stand structure indexes and two spatial structure indexes of uniform angle index and neighborhood comparison.Results show that the average angle indexes of Pinus tabulaeformis,Robinia pseudoacaia and Platycladus orientalis are 0.484, 0.503 and 0.504. These data fit random distribution. Their average neighborhood comparison of DBH are 0.484, 0.498 and 0.478, but the proportion of the strains whose neighborhood comparison of DBH is from 0 to 1 has not obvious distinction. This shows that the distribution of trees with different diameter levels is more even. However, differentiation degree of individual tree is more obvious.

Brightness unification based weighted fusion image mosaic algorithm

WANG Shuai, SUN Wei, JIANG Shu-Ming, XU Wen-Jian, WANG Lei

J4. 2014, 27(3): 44-50. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2014.03.009

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This paper presents a new image mosaic algorithm for the ghosting phenomenon in image merging of smart car security system. We initially extract characteristic points from an image with SURF algorithm. We then match them and transform the image. We eventually merge the overlap area with a nonlinear weighted fusion algorithm. We set less weights for the border of the overlap area, and greater weights for the center of the overlap area to achieve the smooth transition between two adjacent images. On the other hand, the overall brightness of a merged image will not be smooth if the brightness of the image is different. Brightness transform is achieved in color space lαβ by introduction of brightness unification process and space transform for an image. Simulation results show that the algorithm can effectively eliminate patchwork and ghosting and guarantee consistency of the brightness of an image.

Optic fiber sensing technology based safety monitoring system for coal mine gas drainage

LI Yan-Fang, YUE Jian-Hui, MENG Hui

J4. 2014, 27(3): 51-56. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2014.03.010

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We developed an optical fiber sensing technology based gas drainage pipeline human body safety monitoring system with spectrum absorption and fiber Bragg grating technology. The system can perform realtime monitoring for such key parameters within the pipe as methane, oxygen, temperature and pressure. The system can also compensate methane concentration based on temperature and pressure, measurement accuracy improvement of 7% and 11% after compensation. Scenario experimental results show that the system can achieve safety monitoring for gas drainage pipeline.

Material investigation of hydrogen chloride catalytic oxidation reactor

LI Xiao-Ming, LIANG Rui-Yuan, QI Guo-Dong, WANG Ping, BIAN Xiang-Cheng, CHEN Qi-Bao, HAN Sheng-Bing, ZHAO Gui-Rong

J4. 2014, 27(3): 57-60. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2014.03.011

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We measure the corrosion rate of such representative metal materials as Hastelloy C-2000, Hastelloy C-4, Inconel 600, Incoloy 825, 316 L, Ni-6 and pure Ta. We determine corrosion resistance rates of different metal materials in hydrogen chloride catalytic oxidation reactor based on weight loss rate and thickness variety rate of hanging sheets between pre and postexperiments and their corrosion rates. Experiments indicate that pure Ta has the best corrosion resistance rate of 0.309 3 g / (dm²·Month) and 0.053 0 mm / a.Inconel 600 has the second best corrosion resistance rate of 0.566 8 g / (dm²·Month) and 0.230 2 mm / a.

SVM and RBF neural network based hybrid prediction model for unsafe events of civil aviation

SHAN Jing-Jing, WU Jian-Jun, ZHANG Chen, ZHAO Fang-Xia

J4. 2014, 27(3): 61-65. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2014.03.012

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This paper predicts the number of civil aviation unsafe event factors and stages with SVM and RBF neural network weighted combination model to improve the level of aviation safety and predict major flight accident risk, which is based on the accident data from Feb.2002 to Feb.2014. Its feasibility and effectiveness are proved by the comparison for the root mean square errors of three typical prediction methods. This can provide a scientific reference for the administration of civil aviation security.

Time sequence model based track quality index prediction

SONG Bo-Yang

J4. 2014, 27(3): 66-72. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2014.03.013

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Track quality index (TQI), a time series with random characteristics, is an important indicator reflecting the total unevenness of a track segment. We analyze the correlation between TQI sequence and every single indicator with grey theory and predict next inspection value of a certain segment. Moreover, we investigate TQI sequence data for 200 m track segment with autoregressive moving average (ARMA) model, analyze their variation tendency and predict TQI value in future time.Analysis show that the accuracy of each model has been improved, and the relative error is less than 5%.

Treatment of colistin sulphate wastewater by combination process of hydrolytic acidification + EGSB + A/O

XING Su-Fang, LI Sai-Yu

J4. 2014, 27(3): 73-77. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2014.03.014

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We designed a combination process of “hydrolytic acidification+EGSB+A/O” with Expanded Granular Sludge Bed (EGSB) as the principle part to treat pharmaceutical wastewater containing complex composition of organic pollutant and high salinity. The approach was applied to practical industrial operation. EGSB processing unit regulated the volume of inflow and circulating water based on volatile acids, alkalinity and granular sludge in the reactor. COD removal rate could reach 60%~80% and sulfate removal efficiency was obvious. However, ammonia was not removed in anaerobic process. COD removal rate became stable after 16 days A/O processing operation, and NH4+ removal rate was 70%, still to be further enhanced. After a period of time, COD removal rate was 90% and ammonia removal rate was 70%. Results show that the process is stable and effective for the treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater.

Air temperature spatialtemporal distribution features of Lianyungang city for 47 years

SUN Ke-Qu, ZHANG Rui-Guang, XU Xian, LI Jun, MA Pei-Ming, HUANG Chen-Yang

J4. 2014, 27(3): 78-83. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2014.03.015

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We statistically analyze the spatial and temporal distribution features of the earth surface temperature in Lianyungang with MannKendll, CA and wavelet analysis approaches and temperature data between 1960 and 2006 from seven weather stations. Results show that its average temperature gradully decreases from south to north in the past 47 years, the average difference of 0.4 ℃. The same temperature variety tendency also exhibits from east to west, the average difference of 0.7 ℃. Its annual average temperature is 14.1 ℃ and warming trend exists. The period of 18 to 22 years is quite obvious.

Sensitive temperature points based design of buoy tank temperature monitoring system

QI Yong, LIU Shi-Xuan, MIAO Bin, ZHANG Ke-Ke, ZHENG Shan-Shan, ZHANG Ji-Ming, LIN Hang, ZHANG You-Quan, LIU Jian-Jun

J4. 2014, 27(3): 84-87. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2014.03.016

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We design a sensitive temperature points based buoy tank temperature monitoring system to monitor the tank temperature of a ocean data buoy. We deploy multiple temperature sensors at multiple temperature points in a buoy with single wire bus and parasitic power supply technology, which constitute a tank temperature monitoring network. They are then connected to the MCU of the buoy data collecting system. The network only occupies one I/O port to achieve realtime monitoring for multiple temperature points. Marine tests show that the system can implement network monitoring for the tank temperature of a largescale buoy.

Synthesis of ZnxMg1-xGa2O4:Co2+by lowtemperature combustion method

DU Ji-Yong, XIAO Ren-Hui, LI Yan

J4. 2014, 27(3): 87-92. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2014.03.017

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We successfully acquire a series of ZnxMg1-xGa2O4:Co2+( x=0,0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1.0) compound spinel through lowtemperature combustion with Zn(NO3)2·6H2O, Mg(NO3)2·4H2O, Ga(NO3)3·6H2O, CO(NH2)2, NH4NO3, and Co(NO3)2·6H2O as raw materials. We further analyze their characteristics by Xray diffractometer, transmission electron microscope, and F4500 fluorospectrophotometer. Results reveal that these products are not simple mixture of MgGa2O4 and ZnGa2O4, a new solid solution material. A better linear relationship exists between the lattice constant of ZnxMg1-xGa2O4:Co2+(0 ≤x≤ 1.0) crystals and doping density x. Synthesized crystals have high crystallinity with neater array. Form and position analysis of emission spectrum show that the strong emission peak near the visible region (670 nm) is attributed to energy level transition (4T1(4P) → 4A2(4F)) of Co2+ in the tetrahedron. The weak emission peak near the infrared region is attributed to energy level transition (4T1(4P) →4T2(4F) of Co2+ in the tetrahedron.

Research and application of evaluation method based on the hybrid indexes type

RONG Li-Li, LIU Pei-De

J4. 2014, 27(3): 93-102. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2014.03.018

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This paper addresses qualitative and quantitative indexes of a comprehensive evaluation method to enhance the scientificity of a decision and optimize the evaluation methods of hybrid index type. We determine their subjective weights with AHP, their objective weights with deviation maximization, and their portfolio weights with multiplication synthesis. We determine the positives and negatives of the approach through hybrid indexes based TOPSIS sorting. Case study shows that the approach is effective in practical applications.

A relative resources efficiency model of the evaluation of resources efficiency of telecom operators

GAO Yan-Xia

J4. 2014, 27(3): 103-109. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2014.03.019

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We establish a relative resources efficiency model to evaluate the reasonableness of marketing resources with telecom operators as an example and the introduction of random control group. We further quantify various factors affecting resources efficiency through factorization, such as participation rate, subsidy rate, improvement rate and bundled rate. The model makes the evaluation of resources efficiency more dependable and practicable. This paper presents the methodology of efficiency calculation in general marketing proposal.Results demonstrate that the efficiency model is feasible in practice.

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