Table of Content

20 June 2019 Volume 32 Issue 3

  

Oceanographic Science, Technology and Equipment

Design of data management system for seafloor observatory network

CHEN Jie, ZHANG Xiao-nan, CAI Yu-long, GAO Hao, LIU Jie, LI Zheng-bao

Shandong Science. 2019, 32(3):  1-9.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2019.03.001

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According to the data management requirements of seafloor observatory network, the function model of data management system was established, and the related implementation algorithms of key technologies such as data communication, equipment management, fault diagnosis and data quality control were designed. The data management system for seafloor observatory network was developed based on Socket network programming, MySQL database technologies and modular design idea. The sea trial results show that the data management system has realized the functions of real-time data acquisition, state monitoring, data classified storage and data sharing, and it has the advantages of stable and reliable operation and strong expandability.

Research on inversion method of methane concentration in cold seep water

XU Juan, LIU Bo, HUA Zhi-Li

Shandong Science. 2019, 32(3):  10-15.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2019.03.002

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The abnormal methane concentration in cold seep water is not only an important indicator of natural gas hydrate occurrence in the seabed, but also of great significance to the study of the marine environment and global climate change. Based on the analysis and study of the characteristics of the existing cold seeps, a inversion method for quantitatively obtaining methane concentration distribution in cold seep water based on single beam sounding data was established. Taking the cold seep area in the northwest slope of the Kurile Basin in the Okhotsk Sea as an example, the concentration of dissolved methane in cold seep water of the study area was calculated by using the 12 kHz and 20 kHz acoustic echo sounding data obtained from the sea trial. Compared with the chromatographic analysis results of the cold seep water samples, the calculation results of this inversion method were in good agreement with the field measured data. And due to the advantages of beam angle and bubble resonance effect, the inversion results corresponding to 12 kHz sounding data were closer to the measured data. At the same time, relevant calculation results showed that the dissolved methane in the water of the survey region mainly came from the free methane gas released from cold seeps. In addition, the field observation results showed that the hydrated crust on the surface of the cold seep bubble in hydrate stability zone could significantly prolong the floating time and distance of the bubbles.

Traditional Chinese medicine and natural active products

Simultaneous determination of six components in Bidens parviflora Willd. by UPLC-MS/MS

WU Dan, WANG Jing, Huang Bi-yun, WANG Yan, LIU Long

Shandong Science. 2019, 32(3):  16-22.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2019.03.003

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An UPLC-MS/MS method was developed for the simultaneous determination of six components (protocatechuic acid, rutin, hyperoside, quercetin, quercitrin, kaemferol) in Bidens parviflora Willd. After crushing, Bidens parviflora Willd. was extracted with ultrasonic in methanol, diluted and injected directly. The content of six components in the extract was determined simultaneously by negative ion multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode, and paeoniflorin was used as the internal standard(IS). The detection was performed on an Agilent SB C18 column (50 mm×2.1 mm,1.8 μm), using a mobile phase consisted of methanol -0.1% fomic acid water solution with gradient elution. The flow rate was 0.4 mL/min, and column temperature was 35 ℃. The results showed that there was a good linear relationship between peak area and concentration of the six components measured by this method within the corresponding mass concentration range(r＞0.999 0).The average recovery of sample addition(n=6) was 92.1% ～95.5%, RSD was less than or equal to 4.50%.The established UPLC-MS/MS method is simple, rapid, sensitive and specific, which can simultaneously determine six components in Bidens parviflora Willd.

Research on the species of root-knot nematode pathogens on Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim.and Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge in Changqing, Shandong Province

HAN Kun-peng, LIU Yang, WAN Peng

Shandong Science. 2019, 32(3):  23-28.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2019.03.004

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In this paper, plant root-knot nematodes harmful to the Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. and Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge were isolated and identified, providing a theoretical basis for the control of root-knot nematodes in two medicinal plants. Root-knot nematodes were isolated from the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza and Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. collected by the Baermann funnel method. After isolation, the morphology of root-knot nematodes was observed by optical microscope. The results showed that six species of plant root parasitic nematodes were found. Pratylenchus coffeae, Meloidogyne incognita, Pratylenchus penetrans, Xiphinema americanum, Helicotylenchus apiculus. were isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza, while Xiphinema americanum, Helicotylenchus pseudorobustus were isolated from Trichosanthes kirilowii. This experiment can provide some reference for the prevention and treatment of root diseases of Trichosanthes kirilowii and Salvia miltiorrhiza in Changqing area of Shandong province.

Pharmacology and Toxicology

Evaluation of antifungal effect of Compound Sophorae Flavescentis Radix Lotion based on antifungal effect of Candida albicans in vitro

CHENG Hong-jie, LI Yan, SUN Tie-feng

Shandong Science. 2019, 32(3):  29-35.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2019.03.005

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The combined antifungal properties and synergistic effects of monarch drug, ministerial drug and adjuvant drug of Compound Sophora Flavescens Radix lotion on Candida albicans in vitro were observed in this paper. The extract solution of each group of Compound Sophora Flavescens Radix lotion was obtained by heating backflow water extraction method, the minimal inhibitory concentration(ρMIC)of each group alone and in combination on Candida albicans was measured by double dilution method, using the fraction inhibitory concentration index(IFIC) to determine the combined effects of two traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). Results showed that the ρMIC range of 8 kinds of TCM water extraction was 7.50~30.00 mg/mL, the ρMIC range of monarch drug, ministerial drug and adjuvant drug was 4.01~21.00 mg/mL, the ρMIC of compound group was 2.22 mg/mL. The IFIC of Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex+Sophorae Flavescentis Radix, Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex+Alumen and Zanthoxyli Pericarpium+Alumen were less than or equal to 0.5, the IFIC of Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex+Zanthoxyli Pericarpium, Sophorae Flavescentis Radix+Zanthoxyli Pericarpium and Sophorae Flavescentis Radix + Alumen were greater than 0.5  and less than or equal to 1. The IFIC of monarch drug+ministerial drug was 0.375 0, the IFIC of monarch drug+adjuvant drug was 0.750 0，the IFIC of ministerial drug+adjuvant drug was 1.000 0.The study showed that the combined antifungal effect of Compound group and monarch group were stronger than that of single herbs. The 4 kinds of monarch drug of Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex, Sophorae Flavescentis Radix, Zanthoxyli Pericarpium and Alumen have strong antifungal activity against Candida albicans. The enhancement of the antifungal effect of compound Sophorae Flavescentis Radix Lotion was related to the synergy and addition of the antifungal effect of each drug group.

Research progress on constituents and pharmacological actions of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos, Forsythiae Fructus and their combination

DING Xiao-yan, Lin Zhi-jun, Wang Dai

Shandong Science. 2019, 32(3):  36-41.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2019.03.006

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Compatibility is characteristic of clinical medication of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Drug Pair is the smallest compatibility unit of clinical compatibility. The combination of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Forsythiae Fructus is commonly used in the treatment of warm disease, which can strengthen the effect of the single drug on clearing heat and detoxification and evacuating wind-heat. In this paper, the chemical composition, pharmacological effects were reviewed, which could provide a basis for further study on the mechanism of action and scientific drug use of the combination of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos, Forsythiae Fructus.

New Materials

The reconstruction method for fracture surface morphology of metal parts based on 3D technologies

LIU Long, JIANG Ting, HOU Nan, ZHANG Zong-yang, DING Ning

Shandong Science. 2019, 32(3):  42-47.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2019.03.007

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In view of the problem that it is impossible to grasp the macroscopic stereoscopic position when observing the failure fracture with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the solutions were put forward by means of multiple three-dimensional (3D) techniques such as 3D microscope with super wide depth of field and 3D printing. Firstly, the fracture surface was imaged by 3D technology, and the 3D stereoscopic morphology of fracture surface was established. Then, the 3D model of the fracture surface was obtained by computer-aided technology. Finally, the model was used to assist scanning electron microscopy conduct the micro examination of the fracture surface. The results indicate that 3D technologies can be well applied in the field of failure analysis of metal parts.

Effect of stress level on mechanical properties of 2219 aluminum alloy caused by stress corrosion damage

LI Zhi, LÜ Sheng-li, LI Yi-fei

Shandong Science. 2019, 32(3):  48-56.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2019.03.008

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In order to identify the effect of stress level and exposure duration on corrosion damage mechanical properties of 2219 aluminum alloy, some specimens exposed to EXCO corrosion solution under different stress levels and accelerated corrosion at different duration were selected to carry out surface pit depth measurement, mechanical properties testing and tensile fracture morphology observation. The test results show that both stress level and exposure duration are important factors affecting the development of stress corrosion damage thus affecting the change of mechanical properties of the material. At the initial stage of corrosion, i.e. before 1.5 h, the effect of stress level is limited. When the exposure duration reaches 2.0 h or more, the corrosion damage characterized by the average depth of pits caused by stress level is more significant. However, within the test time (2.5 h), the effect of stress level on corrosion damage is less than that of exposure duration, so the effect on the change of mechanical properties of materials is also less than that of exposure duration. Pits and microcracks caused by corrosion damage destroy the continuity of the material and decrease the mechanical properties of it, such as tensile strength, elongation and modulus of elasticity, which is an important reason for the instantaneous fracture of the material without sufficient plastic deformation stage in the tensile test. A larger pit or a deeper microcrack may be the origin of the main crack in the fracture surface.

Tranfic and Transportation

Study on the traffic flow model of urban tunnel section under signal control

WANG Wei, WU Zhong

Shandong Science. 2019, 32(3):  57-64.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2019.03.009

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In this paper, the characteristics of traffic flow in the urban tunnel section were analyzed, and the cellular automata model of the section was established. At the same time, the numerical simulation was carried out on the condition that the tunnel and the upstream and downstream intersections were in different relative positions and different phase differences. The result shows that the capacity of the urban tunnel section can be influenced by the relative position of the tunnel and signal lights as well as the phase difference between the upstream and downstream traffic lights. Reasonable signal timing control can enhance the capacity of the road section and intersections, and relieve the congestion. However, when the tunnel is close to the downstream intersection, the capacity of road section is obviously reduced, the congestion in the tunnel is serious, and signal control doesn′t work on the traffic congestion.

Location selection and layout of express intelligent cabinet in colleges and universities based on gravity method and analytic hierarchy process

TANG Yun-feng

Shandong Science. 2019, 32(3):  65-72.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2019.03.010

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Aiming at the problem of location selection of express intelligent cabinet in colleges and universities, a method of comprehensive location selection based on gravity method combined with analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was proposed. Firstly, the center of gravity method was used to determine the alternative location of the intelligent express cabinet, and then the optimal location was determined from the alternative location by combining the analytic hierarchy process. Taking a university in Guangzhou as an example, the joint location selection method was applied in practice. The results show that the method is simple and practical, and has high scientific and feasibility in the decision-making of the location of campus self-service cabinets. It can provide reference for the location selection of express intelligent cabinets in colleges and universities.

Environment and Ecology

Effects of adding lignin to chicken manure on nitrate metabolism in soil of the root zone of Malus hupehensis Rehd

CHEN Jin-xu, MA Kai-xuan, MOU Li-tong, CAO Hui, HUANG Ping, FAN Wei-guo, YANG Hong-qiang , ZHANG Wei-wei, WANG Li

Shandong Science. 2019, 32(3):  73-79.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2019.03.011

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In order to study the effects of chicken manure and lignin treatment on nitrate metabolism in soil of the root zone of Malus hupehensis Rehd., the changes of nitrate metabolism in soil were analyzed by using pot experiments, with the treatment of adding mass fraction 12.5% chicken manure, 12.5% chicken manure + 1.5 g/kg lignin and 12.5% chicken manure + 2.5 g/kg lignin, sampling in the spring, summer, and autumn. Results showed that the application of chicken manure and lignin inhibited the transformation rate of ammonium nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen in soil compared with single application of chicken manure, reduced the nitrification intensity of soil. The more lignin was applied, the more obvious the inhibitory effect was. And the effect on the denitrification intensity of soil was different in each season. Lignin increased the activity of nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase in soil, as well as increased the content of ammonium nitrogen in soil, and reduced the content of nitrate-nitrogen in soil. The application of lignin could significantly inhibit the loss of nitrogen in soil, which provided a theoretical basis for the rational application of lignin.

Determination of diethylstillbestrol residues in aquatic products by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay

ZHANG Rui-ling, XU Yi-zhen, LIU Jian-ping, LI Fu-wei, ZHANG Chong

Shandong Science. 2019, 32(3):  80-84.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2019.03.012

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The content of diethylstilbestrol(DES)residues in aquatic products was determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and the positive results were verified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS).The final test results show that the detection limit of DES in aquatic products is 0.35 μg/kg and the recovery rate is 77%～91%. This method has good sensitivity and accuracy.

Other Research Article

Existence and properties of complementary-dual codes in skew λ-cyclic codes over finite fields

ZHAO Peng-cheng, LI Xiu-li

Shandong Science. 2019, 32(3):  85-89.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2019.03.013

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Linear complementary-dual codes (LCD codes) have good correlation and orthogonal properties, which are one of the hot topics in coding theory research. In this paper, automorphism maps were introduced based on the ordinary polynomial ring, and the skew λ-cyclic codes over finite fields were obtained. We studied the existence and properties of the complementary-dual codes in the skew λ-cyclic codes over finite fields. Moreover, the counting problem of LCD codes in the skew λ-cyclic codes over finite fields was also discussed.

Dynamics study for the H+LiH and its isotopic variant D+LiD reaction

SUN Lu-yan, ZHUANG Xin LIU Xin-guo, ZHANG Qing-gang

Shandong Science. 2019, 32(3):  90-97.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2019.03.014

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Quasi-classical trajectory (QCT) method was used to study on the dynamics theory of the H + LiH → H₂ + Li and its isotopic variant D + LiD → D₂ + Li reaction based on the two ground state potential energy surfaces of LiHH system. The ground state reaction probabilities, integral cross sections, product angular distributions of P(?_r) and polarization dependent differential cross-sections are calculated. We also investigated the effect of vibrational excitation on integral reaction cross section. By comparing and analyzing the results, it was found that the Yuan-PES potential energy surface had a small potential barrier, while the Li-PES did not have a potential barrier or potential well. The integral reaction cross section based on Yuan-PES was slightly higher than that based on Li-PES. In addition, the influence of vibration excitation on the orientation and orientation characteristics of the rotational angular momentum of the product molecules and the influence of isotope substitution on it were also studied. The forward scattering tendency of the +LiH reaction was more pronounced than that of the D+LiD reaction. And the degree of forward scatter of Yuan-PES was higher. It enriched the dynamic properties of the system and had certain reference significance for the experimental research of the system in the future.

Facile synthesis of sesamin precursor promoted by Sm-CuI

QI Yan, SHANG Wan-song, LIU Yong-jun

Shandong Science. 2019, 32(3):  98-102.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2019.03.015

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In the presence of cuprous iodide and molecular sieves, piperonal and maleates were transformed to dilactone precursor of sesamin with the direct use of samarium metal. The reaction was completed by double addition forming, and the reaction process was efficient and simple. The synthetic method was simple and novel, and the raw materials were easy to obtain. The reaction was carried out in an anhydrous system under dry air at room temperature. The influencing factors on the reaction were investigated. The sesamin precursor was thus afforded with 78% yield under the reaction conditions of optimization. On this basis, the reaction effects of other maleates such as diethyl maleate, dibutyl maleate and dimethyl fumarate were further studied and compared, the expected experimental results were obtained, and the reaction mechanism was discussed.

Analysis of influencing factors on heat conductivities of shallow layer rock and soil in Jinan

GAO Zhi-you, ZHU Xi, ZHANG Yong, WANG Wan- li, SUN Ming-yuan, ZHANG Qing-lian

Shandong Science. 2019, 32(3):  103-112.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2019.03.016

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The selection of thermal and physical parameters of rock and soil has obvious influence on the heat exchange efficiency of ground source heat pump system. According to test data of thermal properties of rock and soil samples from Jinan, the correlations between the lithology and thermal physical parameters such as thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity. The analysis showed that heat conductivities of rocks were generally higher than that of the Quaternary loose strata. Heat conductivities of rocks ranked from high to low as sedimentary rock，magmatic rock，metamorphic rock. The density, water content and porosity of limestone had significant effects on the thermal physical parameters. Lab measurements indicated heat conductivity of limestone increased linearly with the increase of its density, decreased linearly with increase of its moisture content or porosity. The formulas for estimating heat conductivity and thermal diffusivity with porosity as a single variable were obtained. This work should be instructive to the investigation, evaluation and development of shallow geothermal energy in Jinan.

Eight newly recorded wild species from Shandong

XIN Xiao-wei, WANG Cong-cong, GAO De-min, BU Rui-lan, QU Chang-you

Shandong Science. 2019, 32(3):  113-117.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2019.03.017

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Eight wild species were reported as newly recorded plants from Shandong, viz. Arachniodes miqueliana (Maxim. ex Franch. & Sav.) Ohwi, Allium prostratum Trevir., Iris typhifolia Kitagawa, Lespedeza lichiyuniae T. Nemoto H. Ohashi & T. Itoh, Viola magnifica C. J. Wang et X. D. Wang, Scrophularia kakudensis Franch., Saussurea maximowiczii Herd., Artemisia macilenta (Maxim.) Krasch. These findings not only enrich the flora of Shandong Province, but also have important significance for the study of the flora of Easter China. The voucher specimens were deposited in Herbarium of Shandong Drug and Food Vocational College (SDFH).

Determination of mupirocin in different ointments by HPLC-MS

HU Yu-fen, WANG Li-juan, XUE Fu-min

Shandong Science. 2019, 32(3):  118-122.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2019.03.018

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A method for the determination of mupirocin in different ointments by the high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) was established. The analytical column was Agilent XDB-C18(2.1 mm × 50 mm，1.8 μm), the mobile phase was 0.1% formic acid solution and acetonitrile with gradient elution, and the flow rate was 0.3 mL·min^-1. The column temperature was set at 30 ℃. The detection was achieved in ESI positive ion mode with 501.3→326.7, 501.3→308.9 and 501.3→291.0. Results showed that the calibration curve was in a linearity over the range of 10～500 ng·mL^-1(r＝0 .999 5). The limit of detection and quantification was 4 ng·mL^-1and 10 ng·mL^-1, respectively. Precision was fine, with RSD（n=6）of 0.8％. The recoveries（n=3）of low, middle and high adding concentrations were 99.8%, 109.2% and 105.0%,and the RSD（n＝3） were 3.5%, 1.6% and 1.4%, respectively. The established method is sensitive, specific, accurate, simple and rapid, which is applicable for the determination of mupirocin in different ointments．