Table of Content

20 August 2016 Volume 29 Issue 4

  

Oceanographic Science, Technology and Equipment

SONIC based gas hydrate exploration in shallow slope of the Okhotsk Sea

ZANG He-chao,HUA Zhi-li,LIU Bo

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2016, 29(4):  1-6.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2016.04.001

Abstract ( )   PDF (2928KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

We control deepsea exploration equipment Echo underwater acoustic detection system with selfdeveloped software SONIC to investigate methane release of gas hydrate at Okhotsk Sea of northwest Pacific edge. We perform largescale acoustic sweep on east slope of Sakhalin Island. We implemented visualization of seabed gas flare(GF),cold seep and seabed through echo signal collection, processing and imaging via software SONIC. After GF discovery, we analyzed the variation of methane gas concentration and morphology in cold seep through imaging functionality of software SONIC. We successfully collected core samples of gas hydrate in multiple waters with GPS realtime tracking and positioning and gravity sampler, analyzed them in time, and acquired methane emission amount and rate in gas hydrate in the area. Moreover, the investigation experience will have positive effect on normalizing investigation methods of gas hydrate in China.

Rake and skew based optimization design of a propeller

REN Wan-long, HAO Zong-rui, ZHOU Zhong-hai,XU Juan, WANG Yue

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2016, 29(4):  7-11.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2016.04.002

Abstract ( )   PDF (1549KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Characteristic parameters of a propeller restrict and interact with each other. They jointly determine hydrodynamics, cavitation, and vibration of a propeller. We perform its optimization design with particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm as a tool, panel method, DTRC 4382 propeller as a model and skew and rake as optimization variables. Skew and rake are settled with Bessel curve fitting. We further analyze hydrodynamic property of original and optimized propellers with the efficiency of a propeller as an optimization objective.We increase the efficiency of a propeller, improve its pressure distribution, and well inhibit its cavitation.

Traditional Chinese medicine and natural active products

Chemical constituent analysis of  volatile oil of Artemisia anethoides Mattf. 

ZHANG Shi-yao, WANG Qi, XU Ling-chuan

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2016, 29(4):  12-16.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2016.04.003

Abstract ( )   PDF (1212KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Volatile oil of Artemisia anethoides Mattf.was extracted with steam distillation. Its chemical constituents were identified by GC-MS and retention index of individual compound. We identified 53 components, 90.02% of its total GC peak area. Their principal chemical constituents and relative mass fraction are 22.48% Eucalyptol,15.16% βThujone,4.33% Thujone, 4.16% Pinocarvone, 4.08% LBorneol.

HPLC based content determination of AstragalosideⅥ and Ⅱ in various probiotics fermented Radix Astragali

LIN Sha-sha, ZHOU Hong-lei*, SUN Xiao-lin,CHI Yu-feng,JIANG Hai-qiang, ZHANG Ling,CHU Xin-hong

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2016, 29(4):  17-20.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2016.04.004

Abstract ( )   PDF (1465KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

We determined content variation of AstragalosideⅥ and AstragalosideⅡ in various probiotics fermented Radix Astragali with HPLCELSD. Determination conditions were chromatographic column of Agilent C18 column (250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm）,mobile phase of acetonitrile and water mixture, a linear gradient elution, 1 mL/min flow rate. The contents of AstragalosideⅥ and AstragalosideⅡ in Radix Astragali were 0.476 2 mg/g and 0.050 3 mg/g. After fermentation with mixed probiotics, the contents of AstragalosideⅥ and AstragalosideⅡ were 0.257 8 mg/g and 0.109 4 mg/g.Results show that the content of AstragalosideⅡ increases through probiotics fermentation,but the content of AstragalosideⅥ decreases. Moreover, the contents of AstragalosideⅥ and AstragalosideⅡare different through various probiotics fermentation.

Structure identification of chemical constituents in stems and leaves of male plants of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim.

LIU Fei,FANG Lei,LI Jia,ZHANG Yong-qing

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2016, 29(4):  21-23.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2016.04.005

Abstract ( )   PDF (1042KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

To fully utilize the stems and leaves of male plants in Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim., waste resources in production, we employ polyamide resin, Sephadex LH20, C18 middlepressure chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography to separate and purify their chemical constituents.We then identify their chemical structures based on their physicochemical properties and spectral analysis. Results show that the five isolated compounds from stems and leaves of male plants of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. are identified as loliolide（1）,4-［formy-5-(methoxymethyl)-1H-pyrrol-1-yl］butanoic acid(2), 4-(2-formy-5-methoxymethylpyrrol-1-yl)butyric acid methylester （3）,4hydroxybenzyl methyl ether （4） and abscisic acid（5）. All compounds are originally isolated from this part except compound 2. Compounds 3 and 5 are originally isolated from this plant.

Research advances in chemical constituents of Gastrodia elata Blume

LI Yun, WANG Zhi-wei, LIU Da-hui, WANG Xiao, ZHOU Hong-lei

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2016, 29(4):  24-29.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2016.04.006

Abstract ( )   PDF (1064KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Gastrodia elata Blume is a valued Chinese herbal medicine that has a long medical history. From 50’s in the last century, researchers have isolated multiple chemical constituents from it, including phenols, organic acids, polysaccharides, steroids, etc. Among the isolated nearly one hundred compounds, phenols and polysaccharides are highlighted, while other trace elements are less involved.Further investigating the relevance between the contents of its active constituents and symbiotic bacteria can guarantee its quality and yield. We review the chemical composition isolated by global researchers and make a prospect and discussion. This provides reference for its better development and utilization.

Agricultural Microbiology

Optimization of fermentative medium for highly effective biocontrol strain Bacillus cereus BCJB01 against downy mildew

WANG Yi-lian,XIE Xue-ying,HU Jin-dong,CHEN Kai,YANG He-Tong,LI Ji-shun

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2016, 29(4):  30-34.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2016.04.007

Abstract ( )   PDF (1102KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

To improve fermentation level of Bacillus cereus BCJB01, a highly efficient biocontrol strain against downy mildew, we optimized its fermentative medium through orthogonal test, comprehensive optimization and sugar feeding tests. Mass fraction of the optimized medium formula are 2.00% corn meal,1.00% soybean powder, 0.0030% manganese chloride tetrahydrate, 0.30% twelve aqueous disodium hydrogen phosphate, 0.15% sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate, 0.035% magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 0.10% calcium chloride, 0.30% yeast extract, 0.2%sugar added at 6~12 h after inoculation. It can produce more than 100×108 cfu/mL cells and its spore rate is 90%, when the cultivation conditions are 3%(V/V) inoculum size, 180 r / min rotation velocity, 30 ℃ shaky cultivation till 66 hours.

Preliminary observation on Synchytrium decipiens in Amphicarpaea edgeworthii Benth.

WANG Qi，ZHANG Shi-yao， XU Ling-chuan

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2016, 29(4):  35-38.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2016.04.008

Abstract ( )   PDF (1627KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Synchytrium  decipiens, an obligate parasite in Amphicarpa eaedgeworthii Benth., infects legume and rhizoid of Amphicarpaea edgeworthii Benth.Irregular nodular intumescentia will then shape. Large amount of trophosomes of pathogenic bacteria in tumor body will hinder the transport of water and inorganic nutrients, and eventually cause exsciccation of Amphicarpaea edgeworthii Benth.We originally report Synchytrium decipiens in the legume and rhizoid of Amphicarpaea edgeworthii Benth.We also make preliminary observation and investigation. This provides a reference for resource development of Amphicarpaea edgeworthii Benth,identification of plant disease morphology and prevention and cure of insect pest in artificial cultivation.

New Materials

Impact of extrusion process on microstructure and mechanical properties of high extrusion ratio AZ31B magnesium alloy

LIN Tao,LIU Yun-teng, ZHOU Ji-xue, ZHUANG Hai-hua,MA Bai-chang, YANG Yuan-sheng

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2016, 29(4):  39-43.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2016.04.009

Abstract ( )   PDF (2049KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

We addressed the impact of extrusion temperature and velocity on microstructure and mechanical properties of high extrusion ratio AZ31B magnesium alloy.We employed optical microscopy (OM) to observe its microstructure, indoor temperature tensile test to determine its mechanical properties, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to observe its fracture morphology. Results show that dynamic recrystallization is complete, a few grains grow and mixed grain structure disappears for high extrusion ratio. Low temperature and high speed extrusion are benefit for fine grain and even grain distribution, so we can get high tensile and yield strength and better ductility.Its optimal tensile strength and elongation rate are 336.5 MPa and 22.5% for 350 ℃ and 2 m/min extrusion. For low temperature and high speed extrusion, its tensile fracture has finer and deep dimples, obvious ductile fracture characteristic. However, mixed fracture exists for high temperature and low speed extrusion.

Application and research advances in solvent free insulated and impregnated silicone resin

LI Bing, PENG Dan, MU Qiu-hong, LI Jin-hui,ZHAO Ning, YU Yi-tao, ZHANG Fang-zhi, WANG Feng

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2016, 29(4):  44-49.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2016.04.010

Abstract ( )   PDF (1098KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

We reviewed preparation, application and research advances in solvent free insulated and impregnated silicone resin.We thought the issues in this area were poor purification of raw materials,unstable catalyzer, bad stress stability of impregnated silicone resin and no mature construction technology. Future research focus will be its formula composition, molecular structure, properties and associated construction technologies.

Biomass Energy

Research advances of biomass catalytic pyrolysis

MENG Guang-fan, SUN Lai-zhi, CHEN Lei, ZHAO Bao-feng, ZHANG Xiao-dong

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2016, 29(4):  50-54.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2016.04.011

Abstract ( )   PDF (1086KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

We survey research advances of biomass catalytic pyrolysis from catalysts and regular reactors. It is still in experimental phase. Bio-oil ingredient after catalytic pyrolysis is still very complicated, difficult to separate its product and be fully utilized.Preparation of compound catalysts and amplification and design of a reactor are research emphasis in future.

Resource utilization of protein alkali extraction from municipal residual sewage sludge

LIANG Xiao-hui,ZHANG Xiao-dong,SI Hong-yu,ZHAO Yu-xiao, HUA Dong-liang,WANG Bing-lian,YAN Yuan-yuan,YANG Li-jun,LU Yong

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2016, 29(4):  55-59.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2016.04.012

Abstract ( )   PDF (1685KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

We address protein extraction process of municipal residual sewage sludge.We initially compared acid and alkaline hydrolysis pretreatment methods and optimized the better alkaline hydrolysis method for protein extraction from municipal residual sludge. To acquire optimal extraction condition, we optimized NaOH concentration, solution amount and pretreatment time with response surface method.The optimal protein extraction condition is 21.79 g wet municipal sludge,80 mL NaOH solution (3.68 mol/L), and pretreatment time of 20.32 h at 50 ℃.The optimal protein extraction yield is 8 967±0.4 μg/g dry sludge, 2.33 times of initial extraction yield.

Tranfic and Transportation

Track utilization planning of highspeed railway station with multiobjective optimization

LEI Ming，MENG Xue-lei

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2016, 29(4):  60-67.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2016.04.013

Abstract ( )   PDF (1797KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

We address track utilization of highspeed railway station for a definite train diagram and station hall layout. We analyze the number of ticket entrance nearby fixed seats and passage distance between ticket entrance and platform with compatible constraint of tracks and turnouts as a premise. We further construct a 01 integer programming model for arrival and departure track utilization with stability increase of station operational plan, shortest walk distance in a station and maximal station hall layout as optimization goals. Based on its characteristics, we solve it with Lingo programming.We eventually demonstrate its effectiveness with a highspeed railway station as an instance. Results show that it can accurately indicate practical issues, so it is suitable for track allocation issue of large highspeed railway station.

Improved urban gravity model based evaluation for socioeconomic adaptability of freeways-taking Ningwu Freeway as an example

HU Jin-bao，MENG Xiao-yu，GAO Wei-dong

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2016, 29(4):  68-74.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2016.04.014

Abstract ( )   PDF (1191KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

To improve rationality and correctness of adaptability evaluation result of freeways and regional socioeconomy, we comprehensively construct evaluation index system for freeway adaptability from economy, society and traffic. We further evaluate socioeconomic adaptability of Ningwu Freeway at economic zone on the west side of the strait with the improved urban gravity model. Evaluation results show that the evaluation index system can generally reveal the impact of freeway construction on regional economy, society and traffic. The evaluation theory and method have some reference for freeway postevaluation.

Other Research Article

Sufficient conditions of a maximally 3-isoperimetric edge connected graph

XU Zi-jun,ZHANG Lei

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2016, 29(4):  75-79.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2016.04.015

Abstract ( )   PDF (1056KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

k-isoperimetric edge connectivity is a more reliable network reliability index than edge connectivity. k-isoperimetric edge connectivity of a connected graph G is defined as γk(G)=min{［X,X-］:XV(G),X≥k,X-≥k},where X-=V(G)＼X. Let βk(G)=min{［X,X-］:XV(G),X=k}. A graph G is maximally k-isoperimetric edge connected if  γk(G)=βk(G). Let G be a connected graph of at least order 6. We prove that for any pair of nonadjacent vertices u,v in G, N(u)∩N(v)≥2 holds when u and v are not on a triangle. If N(u)∩N(v)≥5 holds for u or v on a triangle, then G is maximally 3isoperimetric edge connected.

Robust facility location issue of QoE test points with node failure

NING Ying-dan, REN Qing-yuan, GAO Sui-xiang,DENG Hao-jiang, YANG Wen-guo

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2016, 29(4):  80-86.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2016.04.016

Abstract ( )   PDF (1063KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Facility location issue of QoE test points is to accurately reflect the obtained service of all network users with as less test points as possible. We established a robust model of QoE test points location with an interval to indicate the uncertainty of failure possibility based on QoE test points location model of given failure possibility. We then converted it to a mixed integer linear programming model.Test results show that the model is effective for QoE test points location issue with node failure. Case analysis demonstrates that coverage rate and failure number have different impact on location scheme.

Analysis and regulation of evolutionary game to supervision of food safety

LI Xin,MA Guo-shun,ZHOU Qian,SUN Bing

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2016, 29(4):  87-92.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2016.04.017

Abstract ( )   PDF (1161KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

We established two evolutionary game models for presence and absence of government regulation. We further analyzed significant impact of all their parameters on evolutionary direction of food market. From analytical results of the two models, we discover that income increase of government supervision, cost reduction of government supervision, intensity increase of punishment for illegal corporations, reputation increase of honest and qualified companies, and the reduction of production and transaction costs can effectively reduce Chinese food security issue. Analytical results therefore provide proper suggestions for the decision of supervision department.

Ferric ion induced DNA charge inversion and condensation

GUO Zi-long, WANG Yan-wei, YANG Guang-can

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2016, 29(4):  93-98.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2016.04.018

Abstract ( )   PDF (1535KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

The fact that DNA is condensed into a compact structure in an organism is very important for the storage and transcription of genetic information. Previous intensive studies involve DNA condensation and associated charge inversion. Most of them highlight polyamines and worse hydrolytical ions, but less of them involve easy hydrolytical and pH greatly influenced metallic ion (such as ferric ion). We systematically investigate ferric ion induced DNA charge inversion and condensation.By comparison with cobalt hexamine, we explore a possible mechanism of ferric ion induced DNA charge inversion and condensation.

Fussy-PID control based hydraulic servo control system of water cleaning robot

GUO Xiang-yang,LU Shou-yin,GAO Peng,LIU Cun-gen，HU Tao

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2016, 29(4):  99-105.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2016.04.019

Abstract ( )   PDF (2116KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Water cleaning robot of a substation is a special robot. It is developed for the issue of "Pollution Flashover" of 220 kV substation. We establish a mathematical model for nonlinear characteristic of its hydraulic servo system. We further present a fuzzyPID control scheme for the model and perform Matlab simulation and practical substation experiment under ideal and interfered conditions. Results show that the scheme can improve the accuracy of its hydraulic servo control, and has certain interference suppression capability.

Design and implementation of distributed computing based screening system of abnormal websites

JIANG Peng,ZHAO Zheng-li

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2016, 29(4):  106-111.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2016.04.020

Abstract ( )   PDF (1763KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

We devise an automatic screening system for abnormal websites on the Internet in a largescale zone. It is implemented with .NET Framework, distributed deployment, HDFS and SQL Server. Multiple subareas deployed probes can automatically screen out abnormal sites based on the sorted log data from multiple devices. Its core services include metaanalysis of fault, task distribution, and knowledge base archive. It has certain fault analysis capability, fault analysis and guidance based on existing knowledge base, alternate devices or lines startup by calling predefined scripts. Its operation results show that it is scientific and effective, and can provide a reference for network operation and maintenance of largescale enterprises.