Shandong Science

On Green* relations of (n,m)-semigroups

WEI Peng-Li, ZHU Yong-Wen

J4. 2013, 26(5): 1-5. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2013.05.001

Abstract ( )

PDF (1134KB) ( )

Related Articles | Metrics

We generalize Green*relations from usual semigroups to (n,m)-semigroups and then define abundant (n,m) semigroups, adequate (n,m) semigroups and type A (n,m)-semigroups. We also address their fundamental properties. Especially, we generalize a theorem about Munn semigroups.

A note of generalized Cayley graphs of semigroups

SONG Ben-Xian, ZHU Yong-Wen

J4. 2013, 26(5): 6-9. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2013.05.002

Abstract ( )

PDF (1036KB) ( )

Related Articles | Metrics

It is proved that commutative semigroups（S，·) do exist, whose generalized universal Cayley graph is a given graph Γ₀ or isomorphic to any complete fission graphs of the given graph Γ₀ .

Content determination of Sudan I with ¹H NMR spectroscopy

GENG Yan-Ling, MA Ran, LIU Wei, GAO Hong-Mei, LIU Jian-Hua, WANG Xiao, DUAN Wen-Juan

J4. 2013, 26(5): 10-13. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2013.05.003

Abstract ( )

PDF (1032KB) ( )

Related Articles | Metrics

We established a rapid and accurate method for the content determination of Sudan I with ¹H NMR spectroscopy. We acquired ¹H NMR spectra of the mixture of Sudan I and benzoic acid at 25 ℃ with Varian 600 MHz spectrometer, CDCl3 as solution, benzoic acid as internal standard. We determined the content of 99.47 %, 99.34 % and 99.51% of 3 batches of Sudan I. Results show that the method can be applied to content determination and quality control of Sudan I.

Determination of Pb and Cd in soil samples by automatic
digestion instrument and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry

LIU Jing, WANG Li-Hong, WANG Xia, ZHAO Chang-Sheng, XUE Fu-Min, LI Jian

J4. 2013, 26(5): 14-17. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2013.05.004

Abstract ( )

PDF (1048KB) ( )

Related Articles | Metrics

We employed automatic digestion instrument to decompose soil sample and prepared determinationpending solution. We also employed graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry to determine Pb and Cd content in soil samples. Experimental results show that its correlation coefficient is greater than 0.999 0, and that the relative standard deviation of Pb and Cd is less than 5%. Test results for national standard substances GBW07447, GBW07450 and GBW07452 coincide with reference values. The method is simple, rapid and accurate and applicable to the determination of Pb and Cd in batches of soil samples.

Transfer and composite photoluminescence mechanism of the carriers in InGaN multiple quantum wells

WANG Meng-Qi, LUAN Meng-Kai, SUN Hu, WANG Hui-Ning, JI Zi-Wu

J4. 2013, 26(5): 18-21. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2013.05.005

Abstract ( )

PDF (1064KB) ( )

Related Articles | Metrics

We grew InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well structure (MQWs) on a cplane sapphire substrate with metal organic chemical vapor deposition, and investigated its photoluminescence (PL) property. Results show that two main emission components exist in its PL spectrum. They are considered to be generated from two separate phases lowIn content InGaN matrix and highIn content quasiquantum dots (QDs) in InGaN well layers. Their integral PL intensities largely depend on measurement temperature and excitation power. Lower miscibility between GaN and InN is believed to result in the phase separation of InGaN well layers. Transport process of photogenerated carriers exists between the two phases.

Application of sectioning technology in research on polymer materials

CHEN Li

J4. 2013, 26(5): 22-28. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2013.05.006

Abstract ( )

PDF (1904KB) ( )

Related Articles | Metrics

Sectioning technology combined with transmission electron microscopy(TEM), atomic force microscopy(AFM) and optical microscopy(LM), can be applied to the research on the morphology structure, compatibility and crystallinity of polymers, as well as the dispersion and morphology structure of fillers, which would be benefit for optimizing manufacturing conditions, formulation and performance of polymer materials. Optimization of such sectioning parameters as sectioning speed and temperature and combination with such microscopic characterization technique as microscopic infrared spectroscopy will make sectioning technology to play a more important role in structure analysis and performance optimization of polymer materials.

Research advances in oxidation reaction of benzoin

ZHAO Mei, HUANG Ru-Qi, LI En-Xia, ZHANG Li-Li

J4. 2013, 26(5): 29-32. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2013.05.007

Abstract ( )

PDF (1017KB) ( )

Related Articles | Metrics

We review recent global benzil preparation methods by benzoin oxidation reaction. We also address many benzoin oxidation reaction methods. Two kinds of synthesis method exist. One is direct oxidation method, which employs such oxidant as inorganic compound, organic compound, metal organic compound and polymeric compound. The other one is indirect oxidation method, which uses catalyst or microwave radiation for catalysis. Especially, the method of catalyzing molecular oxygen deserves more attention, which provides an effective and green new path for the preparation of benzil compounds by benzoin oxidation.

Impact of SNP on adventitious root and root hair growth of pepper mint under NaCl stress

QU Yue, GUO Kai, LI Ji-Shun, WEI Yan-Li, YANG He-Tong

J4. 2013, 26(5): 33-38. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2013.05.008

Abstract ( )

PDF (1411KB) ( )

Related Articles | Metrics

Elongation of the adventitious root was about a half of no NaCl adding control group after the growth of peppermint seedlings in 0.5% (w/v) NaCl contained Hoagland nutrient solution for 72 h. Sodium nitroprusside (SNP) of different concentrations (50, 100, 200, 300 μmol/L) was added in 0.5% (w/v) NaCl contained Hoagland nutrient solutions to cultivate peppermint seedlings. Growth situation of adventitious roots was determined 72 hours later. Elongation of adventitious root, total length of root hair and root hair density are significantly increased than those of peppermint cultivated in no SNP solutions when SNP concentration is 100 μmol/L. Histochemical staining reveals that SNP treatment can alleviate peroxidation of membrane lipid and damage to plasma membrane integrity. SNP treatment can also positively regulate intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level.

Preparation and physical and chemical properties of curcumin in PLGA-PEG-PLGA micelles

SONG Jia-Rong, FENG Run-Liang, SONG Zhi-Mei, ZHAI Guang-Xi

J4. 2013, 26(5): 39-46. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2013.05.009

Abstract ( )

PDF (1217KB) ( )

Related Articles | Metrics

We employed meberane dialysis to prepare curcuminloaded micelles and addressed the impacts of drug dosage, dialysis time and solvent on drugloading, encapsulating efficiency and particle parameter to investigate physical and chemical properties and preparation of curcuminloaded micelles. We also examined their physical and chemical properties such as particle distribution, TEM and in vitro release. We studied curcumin solution control and in vitro release of curcuminloaded micelles with UV method and performed its release curve fitting. Results show that curcuminloaded micelles have drug loading capacity of (6.4±0.02)%, encapsulating efficiency of (70.03±0.34) % and mean diameter of 26.29 nm. Ambiexponent and biphasic kinetics equations are appropriate models for curcuminloaded micelles and curcumin solution control, respectively. Curcuminloaded micelles demonstrate better performance of in vitro slow release.

HPLC fingerprint of Ramulus Cinnamomi

ZHAO Heng-Qiang, GENG Yan-Ling, WU Hong-Wei, DUAN Wen-Juan, YANG Hong-Jun, LIU Jian-Hua, WANG Xiao

J4. 2013, 26(5): 47-51. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2013.05.010

Abstract ( )

PDF (1060KB) ( )

Related Articles | Metrics

We constructed high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprint for Ramulus Cinnamomi to provide a new method for its quality evaluation and identification. We analyzed thirteen batches of Ramulus Cinnamomi with C18 column (Agilent Eclipse XDBC18 column), gradient elution solvent system including water and acetonitrile, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, column temperature of 25℃ and detection wavelength of 285 nm. The method had better precision, repetition and stability. Thirteen shared peaks and four specific peaks exist in the thirteen batches of fingerprints. Similarity analysis shows that the quality of Guangdong and Guangxi samples has slight difference. HPLC fingerprinting will be a potential identification and quality evaluation tool for Ramulus Cinnamomi.

Comprehensive evaluation of soil quality of grassland in residential and industrial areas

LIU Hong-Quan, LIU Yu, ZHAO Feng-Lian

J4. 2013, 26(5): 52-60. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2013.05.011

Abstract ( )

PDF (1069KB) ( )

Related Articles | Metrics

We employed correlation analysis and principle component analysis to determine weight coefficients and comprehensive index method to quantitatively evaluate soil quality for the grassland in Jinan residential and industrial areas with 10 crop growth associated physical and chemical indexes. Results show that the soil quality of residential area is totally better than that of industrial area. Correlation analysis method indicates that an extra 16.66% of medium and high level soil exists in residential area than in industrial area. The results indicated by principal component analysis method is 12.10%. Soil bulk density exhibits certain solid trend in terms of average indexes of residential and industrial areas. The soil of two areas are both alkali. EC content and soil organic matter content are both in comparatively low level. The content of nitrogen and phosphorus is medium or over medium level. The content of kalium of these two areas is all relatively rich. Correlation analysis indicates that organic matter is an important soil quality evaluation factor. Its correlation coefficients with total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available nitrogen and available kalium all reach significant level of 5%. Both analysis methods have a similar evaluation result(r²=0.967 1). This further shows that our soil quality comprehensive evaluation method is scientific and feasible, and that the evaluation results is accurate and reliable.

Label propagation based detecting algorithm of stable overlapping communities

WANG Geng, SONG Chuan-Chao, SHENG Yu-Xiao, WANG Tong-Tong, LI Sheng-En

J4. 2013, 26(5): 61-68. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2013.05.012

Abstract ( )

PDF (1312KB) ( )

Related Articles | Metrics

We present a label propagation based detecting algorithm of stable overlapping community to consider both efficiency and stability in detecting algorithm of overlapping community. The algorithm initially employs two label selection strategies to solve stability problem in label propagation based algorithm. It then effectively controls its stability by a balance factor. Experimental results prove that the algorithm can simultanously focus on quality, efficiency and stability of a mining community.

MapX controls based monitoring system for city manhole cover

ZHANG Yan-Bo, ZHANG Lin, XIE Zhao-Yan, XU Wen-Qing, ZHOU Guang-Xu

J4. 2013, 26(5): 69-73. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2013.05.013

Abstract ( )

PDF (1451KB) ( )

Related Articles | Metrics

We designed a MapX controls based monitoring system for city manhole cover. It employs wireless ad hoc and GPRS networks to transfer data and is developed with software platform Visual C++6.0. It implements automatic and visual monitoring for city manhole covers. It can also provide timely and accurate decision assistant and analysis for municipal administration departments and relevant corporations.

Double evolutionary model based CBD space evolution simulation

YANG Yu-Feng1, ZHAO Xue-Chen2

J4. 2013, 26(5): 74-77. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2013.05.014

Abstract ( )

PDF (1303KB) ( )

Related Articles | Metrics

We present a double evolution based simulation evolution model with multiple agent system (MAS) and computer simulation technology in view of intractable simulation for economic evolution of current urban central business district (CBD).Using NetLogo as the simulation platform,simulation is focused on enterprise clustering in a CBD and the change of CBD space form. CBD evolution is simulated for core layout, axis layout, waterfront layout and different diffusion modes. The research provides a new idea for exploring the evolution law of future CBD, CBD planning construction and its development law.

Hypergraph based stochastic multimodal traffic network assignment problem

ZHENG Li-Xiang, SI Bing-Feng

J4. 2013, 26(5): 78-83. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2013.05.015

Abstract ( )

PDF (1215KB) ( )

Related Articles | Metrics

We constructed a multimodal traffic network model based on the theory of hypergraph.Generalized route cost function was established with such influential factors as route travel time, transfer times and congestion. The concept of an effective route was further redefined. We presented the searching algorithm of all viable routes with depthfirst ergodic algorithm and backtracking algorithm. We also implemented stochastic network assignment of traffic flow in multimodal traffic network with improved Dial algorithm. The feasibility and effectiveness of the improved Dial algorithm were verified with the multimodal traffic network. Results show that the algorithm is applicable for solving stochastic network assignment of traffic flow in multimodal traffic network, and for avoiding the unreasonable results that may appear in original Dial algorithm.

Greenshields model based congestion pricing in bottleneck road section

XUE Ying, REN Hua-Ling

J4. 2013, 26(5): 84-90. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2013.05.016

Abstract ( )

PDF (1488KB) ( )

Related Articles | Metrics

This paper presents the evolution of flow in bottleneck road section based on Greenshields model, and calculates the travel cost of travelers at each time moment. Flow allocation at each time moment is adjusted based on the relationship between total trip cost and flow till UE equilibrium is reached. The paper also designs a certain congestion pricing in congestion time period, and analyzes flow allocation and congestion situation after congestion pricing. Optimized congestion pricing and pricing time period are further obtained, which is significant for alleviating traffic congestion. 

Design of a open traffic signal controller

XU Hong-Feng, MA Chun-Fei, WANG Hua-Wei

J4. 2013, 26(5): 91-96. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2013.05.017

Abstract ( )

PDF (1234KB) ( )

Related Articles | Metrics

We designed a microprocessor AT91SAM9260 and embedded operating system Linux based open traffic signal controller for satisfying the requirement of secondary development of a control scheme of an advanced user. The controller had a programming interface of a unique signal control algorithm, a 3G network communication module and a B/S mode based remote update system besides conventional functionalities of a signal controller.Practical application shows that the controller is stable and reliable. Our work will lay the foundation for the development of intheloop experiment platform of traffic signal control hardware.

Application of improved grey relevance model in investment decisions of railway handling facilities

CHEN Sheng-Bo, HE Shi-Wei, HE Bi-Sheng

J4. 2013, 26(5): 97-103. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2013.05.018

Abstract ( )

PDF (1342KB) ( )

Related Articles | Metrics

An improved grey relevance model is presented to assess the policy associated with equipment investment in view of scarce information in investment of railway handling facilities. The model improves the deficiency of "only rewarding goodness without punishing badness" in traditional grey model. It is applied to the comparison of rent and purchase of railway handling facilities. Its effectiveness and feasibility are shown by comparison with the results of a traditional model.

Soft time window associated model and algorithm for the vehicles routingproblem of logistics distribution center

ZHOU Lue-Lue, WEI Yu-Guang

J4. 2013, 26(5): 104-110. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2013.05.019

Abstract ( )

PDF (1066KB) ( )

Related Articles | Metrics

We construct a soft time window associated mathematical model minimizing total vehicle routing cost by converting time constraint into penalty cost under the constraint of time, vehicle volume and vehicle carrying capacity in view of time window associated vehicle routing issue in a single distribution center. We employ memory dependent genetic simulated annealing algorithm (GSAA) to solve the model, which adds memory functionality and annealing operation to a genetic algorithm. We further compare optimized results. Results show that the algorithm has quick convergence rate, broad search scope and higherquality optimization solution.

Entropy weight method based evaluation on government environmental action of municipalities in Shandong Province

JI Xiao-Mei, SHI Feng, JIA Yong-Fei

J4. 2013, 26(5): 111-116. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2013.05.020

Abstract ( )

PDF (1717KB) ( )

Related Articles | Metrics

We employ entropy weight method to evaluate government environment action of every municipality in Shandong province for analyzing the status quo of their government environment action and the difference among government environmental management policies. Results show that great differences exist in environmental management investment, management effect and information publication. Government environmental investment and management effect depend on local environmental management situation. Total scores of municipal environment action demonstrate downward tendency. Remarkable city difference exists, but such cities as Heze, Jining and Linyi have greater promotion space.

Table of Content