Let H_i（i=1,2,…,n） be unitary space. Let A be a linear operator on H=H₁⊕H₂⊕…⊕H_n with block matrix expression (［A_ij］_n×n,n≤dim H_i<∞). This paper presents a necessary and sufficient condition of the block numerical range of matrix A equal to its spectrum: a set of complex numbers λ₁,λ₂,…,λ_m,（m≤n） exist and A_ii=μ_iI（i=1,2,…,n）. Moreover, the set of all μ_i is equal to {λ₁,λ₂,…,λ_m}, and can be transformed into an upper triangular block matrix by some elementary row operations and the corresponding elementary column operations.

We address such non-linear two-point boundary value problem as -u″(t)=f(u(t),u′(t)),0k/f₀,θ) with Rabinowitz bifurcation theorem. We allow the existence of a derivative subterm in the nonlinear term. This greatly expands the scope of the nonlinear term.

This paper constructs two different island sequences of the complement graphs of a class of 2-sparse connected graphs with the hole index ρ(G)≥1

We employed headspace solid phase microextraction (SPME) and GC-MS to analyze the volatile components of four different species of Chaenomeles speciosa Nakai. We also investigated the effects of different SPME fibers and extraction positions on extraction results. Experimental results show that 65 μm PDMS/DVB fiber exhibits better extraction result.The pericarp and flesh of different positions have not significant influence on their volatile components. We further employed peak area normalization method to determine the relative content of each volatile component. We identified 60 volatile components, which mainly included esters, alkanes and alkenes whose total content exceeded 90%. The varieties and relative contents of the volatile components of these Chaenomeles speciosa Nakai were different. This method is rapid and accurate, so it can provide reference for further development and utilization of Chaenomeles speciosa Nakai resources.

        This paper employs phenol-sulfuric acid, DNS and reducing sugar analyzer methods to determine the starch content in cornflour. We comprehensively compare their operation processes and the acquired data. Results show that reducing sugar analyzer method can determine maize starch content more conveniently and rapidly.

The optimum liquid medium of white  Hypsizigus marmoreus can provide the fundamental data for its extensive cultivation. We optimized fermentation medium with L₉(3⁴) orthogonal test, the main ingredients of glucose, yeast powder, KH₂PO₄ and MgSO₄, and exopolysaccharides content and mycelial biomass as test indexes. We also separated mycelia by extraction and filtering, dried and weighted them, and calculated their biomass. Phenol sulfuric acid was then employed to determine the content of exopolysaccharides. Weighted evaluation of exopolysaccharides content and mycelial biomass shows that the optimum liquid medium is composed of glucose of 3%, yeast powder of 0.15%, KH₂PO₄ of 0.30% and MgSO₄ of 0.20%.

Wild soybeans (Glycine soja) have such positive characteristics as salinealkali resistance, cold tolerance and disease resistance, so they play a significant role in the research on soybean gene evolution and the improvement of soybean quality and yield. We collected 227 wild soybeans from 26 sites of 14 rural towns in the Yellow River Delta, and isolated and purified rhizobia strains from wild soybean nodules. We then performed physiological and biochemical experiments, stress tolerance experiments, nodulation ability determination, nodulation wide spectrum analysis, 16S rDNA sequence determination and RAPD analysis. We isolated and purified 100 rhizobia strains from Glycine soja. Strains 3D-21, 3D-24, 3K-8 and 3K-23VS had strong tolerance against acid, alkali, salt, antibiotics, high and low temperature and stronger nodulation capability. Strain 7K-8 had stronger nodulation capability and strain K-5 had stronger stress tolerance capability. 16S rDNA sequence analysis shows that all the isolated strains belong to 3 genera and 7 species, and that RAPD analysis of similar strains exhibits obvious polymorphism. Results indicate that rich diversity exists in the rhizobia of wild soybean in the Yellow River Delta. Some strains have strong nodulation ability and/or stress tolerance ability. This research lays a foundation for the excavation and utilization of better strain resources.

        Anaerobic granular sludge is a definitive factor in anaerobic effluent treatment. This paper addresses the main microbial communities in anaerobic granular sludge, especially the methanogen community. This paper also surveys the application of such modern molecular biotechnology as FISH, RTPCR, DGGE, 16S rRNA and T-RFLP in the research of microbial communities of anaerobic granular sludge. We eventually present the development prospect for the formation of the granular sludge, its growth process and the regulation of microbial communities in granular sludge.

        We determined the contents of such mineral elements as Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn in different organs of  Trichosanthes  kirilowii  Maxim, a Shandong local medicine. We also addressed the mineral element contents of snakegourd roots from two different sexes. Results show that there is no significant difference for mineral element contents in their skins and seeds, but the distinction exists in the distribution of mineral elements. Calcium content is 0.25%~0.28% in the skin, and 0.1% in the seed. However, the content of other mineral elements are higher in the seed. Moreover, the mineral element contents of female snakegourd root are higher than those of male snakegourd root, which indicates that female snakegourd root has higher capability to absorb and preserve mineral elements.

       We employ the algorithm of principal component analysis (PCA) to process the acquired chromatographic  fingerprint and inhibitory rate by dimensionality reduction to realize chromatographic fingerprint and pharmacological effect correlation mode based comprehensive quality evaluation for Baikal skullcap root. Test results demonstrate its advances and higher reliability. This method provides us a new and referable idea for the quality evaluation of traditional Chinese herbal medicine.

             This paper addressed the effects of Al6.53Ti0.3C0.46B master alloy (Ti∶[KG-*2]C＞4∶[KG-*2]1) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of high aluminumzincbased alloy. Experimental results show that the addition of the master alloy can significantly refine the microstructure of the high aluminum zinc based alloy. The shape of a primary α phase grain changes from coarse dendrite into fine and uniform equiaxed crystal. The average size of equiaxed crystal is 30~50 μm. The extension rate of the alloy increases from 1.7% to 10.0% and the tensile strength is about 410 MPa in the condition of sand casting (SC). The extension rate of the alloy increases from 1.0% to 16.0% and the tensile strength is about 407 MPa  in the condition of permanent mold casting (PMC). Its tensile strength does not significantly increase though its microstructure is obviously refined. Its refinement mechanism is the increase of heterogeneous nucleus due to the addition of Al-Ti-C-B master alloy.

        The residual austenite has significant influence on the mechanical properties of Dual Phase Austempered Ductile Iron (ADI). We address the effects of austenitizing temperature on the content of retained austenite in ADI with X-ray method to investigate the relationship between process, organization and performance. Results show that the content of retained austenite gradually increases with the increase of austenitizing temperature.

       The paper devises a control system for ARM9 based sea floor observatory network node circuit to satisfy the real time  acquisition requirement of submarine observation data. This system employs the modular design method of an embedded system to construct a circuit system including extended UART communications circuit, analog to digital conversion circuit, ethernet communications circuit, voltage level conversion circuit and USB interface circuit. Simulation and application results prove that this node circuit system has better stability and reliability, and easy to be monitored and maintained by a shore station.

       We employed computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to numerically simulate the flow field surrounding a seabed monitoring platform. We also employed a software, FLUENT, to construct a CFD model for the flow field, and performed its mesh division and determination of its boundary conditions based on the external structure of the seabed monitoring platform. We further analyzed the numerical simulated results of the velocity and pressure field of the outside sea current of the platform. This research can provide a reference for the structure design and improvement of a seabed monitoring platform, and can lay foundation for the thorough research.

        We present a simple and effective calibration method for robot tool frame calibration. This method is based on the kinematic computation of a stacking robot, and recognizes the relative position of the tool frame to the end of the robot without the aid of extra measurement equipment. The method then recognizes the orientation of the robot tool frame based on the derived relative position. This method only employs the linear least square algorithm, so it is easy to be realized. We employ MATLAB and Virtual Robot Simulator to simulate the proposed method. Results show that the method is feasible and can be applied to practical environments to reduce the offline time and improve the level of automation.

      We developed a practical intelligent alarm prediction and processing system in view of some negatives of a  traditional  security and protection system (SPS). This system can achieve realtime prediction for the intruder path of a surveillance object and alarm transmission in advance.The system can also automatically choose an optimum alarm processing strategy based on police distribution, alarm emergency priority and the risk control mechanism of a protection object, and then make active defense. The system can be applied to many regional SPS and improve the intelligent level of a SPS.

      We employ a Linux based embedded database to implement realtime data collection, remote access and maintenance in a vehicle borne remote surveillance system. This paper transplants embedded Web Server BOA and  embedded  database SQLite onto the platform, S3C2440. This paper also addresses the application of SQLite in real time data collection with a serial communications program as an example.

       This paper presents a user oriented construction model for a university laboratory. We employ Vmware virtualization technology and this model to construct a new laboratory based on the original laboratory equipments. An  analysis shows that a model based laboratory construction has such advantages as low cost, lowcarbon emission and better performance.

       We developed an automatic optical source localization system with an industrial computer as a development platform, a motion control card as a systematic structure and Visual C++6.0 as a development language. Practice shows that the system has such advantages as high accuracy of 0.1 mm, higher reliability and better performance.

     We developed a Symbian S60V5 operating system based smartphone application software to facilitate  parameters  calculation of an off grid photovoltaic power system. It can implement on site rapid calculation for the parameters of an off grid photovoltaic power system.

       We perform comparative tests for vertical and horizontal flow solar collectors. We further calculate and  comparatively analyze the heat performance of these two water heaters. Results show that the horizontal flat panel solar water heater is superior to the vertical one in instantaneous efficiency, average daily efficiency,  daily useful energy and warming performance.

        In pharmaceutical research,the supramolecular inclusion hosts include crown ether, cyclodextrin, calixarene and cucurbituril. They all have cavity structure and can form supermolecules with other ions and neutral molecules by the noncovalent bonds,which can improve medical stability. This paper surveys application advances of these supramolecular hosts in the pharmaceutical development.It also presents the application prospect of supramolecular inclusion technique in new medicine development.

We prove that a n-order bipartite digraph D is maximally local-edge-connected if the minimum degree δ≥3 and min (N+(x)∪N+(y)|，|N-(x)∪N-(y)|}≥(n+3)/4 for each pair of vertices x and y  in the same part, and is super-edge-connected if δ≥4 and min{N⁺(x)∪N⁺(y)|,|N^-(x)∪N^-(y)|}>(n/4)+1 for each pair of vertices and y in the same part. We also prove that the best possibility of the conditions and the independence of the results  from the primitive ones.

       Two-point boundary value problem of the sublinear Emden-Fowler equations has been addressed in many literatures, but the uniqueness of the C［0，1］ positive solution has not been investigated. We employ monotone iterative method to address such problem and derive the uniqueness of the C［0，1］ positive solution of the boundary value problem of such equations.

We address the existence of positive solutions of third-order semipositone differential equations with integral boundary value conditions by fixed point theorem of cone extension and compression.

We present the oscillation criteria of third-order nonlinear neutral dynamic equations on a time scale  T. We also generalize some known oscillation results of third-order equations.

We performed 8 ns of molecular dynamics simulation for the allosteric inhibitor and active site inhibitor system of HIV-1 protease. We also calculated their binding free energy with MM-PBSA. The free energy of inhibitor binding to protease is -90.30 kcal/mol in allosteric inhibitor system and the energy is -59.58 kcal/mol in active site inhibitor system. Molecular fragment 4DX stuck at protease exo site reduces the scope of residue activities near the active site in allosteric inhibitor system. It has favorable effect on the binding of inhibitor. Allosteric inhibitor makes a system more rigid and stable and the inhibitor binding to protease more firm.

      We employed a universial extract approach to obtain Glehnia littoralis extracts reflecting the their total characteristics. We further applied a Fourier transform nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer to determine the Carbon-13  Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (¹³CNMR) fingerprints of different Glehnia littoralis extracts and calculated their similarities with vectorial angle method. Results show that the resonant peaks of many components exist in the fingerprints of different Glehnia littoralis extracts. The characteristic resonant peaks of their active components exhibit better repeatability and characteristics. A joint analysis of ¹³CNMR fingerprints and their characteristic peaks would provide an identification basis for Glehnia littoralis.

      We employed an atomic fluorescence spectrometer with wet digestion to determine  Se content in wild boar meat. Its recovery rate is 96.1 %~103.6 %, and its relative standard deviation is 3.02 %. Results show that Se content in wild boar meat is 1.3 times more than that in domestic pork, and several dozens times more than that in fresh vegetables and fruits. This provides a simple and reliable approach for determining the trace elements in wild boar meat and a scientific basis for fostering Se rich wild boars.

        We selected the higher pertinent and quantifiable parameters and regression modeling analysis to address the development trend of water pollution caused by three different industries in Nansi Lake basin. Analysis shows that water pollution is significantly reduced in the secondary industry due to the strict control over pollutant. Reduction of water pollution  is not obvious in primary and tertiary industries due to the lack of strict government control. We present some policies and suggestions, taking the water pollution government in Nasi Lake basin as an example.

         We addressed the individual and combined toxicity of Cu²⁺, Cd²⁺ and Se⁴⁺ to Daphnia magna with a static test method. We also employed additive index method to evaluate their combined toxicity. Individual toxicity experiment shows that the toxicity of Cu²⁺, Cd²⁺ and Se⁴⁺ is degressive. Combined toxicity experiment shows that complex toxicity effect exhibits for different concentration ratios of Cu²⁺, Cd²⁺ and Se⁴⁺. Especially, the combined toxicity effect changed from antagonistic response to synergistic response with the increase of exposure time for equal concentration ratio of Cu²⁺ and Cd²⁺.

         The horizontal mooring system of SBF3-2 wave buoy includes an anchor, a chain, two nylon wires and a surface pontoon, in which the mooring line connected the buoy always keep horizontal. We employed multi segment  catenary  theory to calculate its line tensions and catenary shape. Analysis results show that this mooring system is available for the sea area of high current velocity. It can improve its wave following, and also anti overturn performance and the measurment accuracy.

          This paper presents a new ocean environment continuous monitoring system to solve marine biofouling problem and to increase the lifetime of oceanographic instrumentations. The system is embedded in a large ocean data buoy and pumps seawater into a container to measure data with seawater sampling method. The system then washes the container and sensors with disinfectant and fresh water. The monitoring data is transmitted to a onshore control center and compared with that of the common instrumentations. Experiments show that the system can extend the lifetime of a water quality  sensor  to at least one year and improve its long term accuracy and reliability.

        We design a receiving circuit for a pulse laser rangefinder with the control over bias voltage of APD and  amplifier  gain to improve its range accuracy. Simulation results show that the circuit can receive greater echo power of  dynamic  range of 80 dB and implement output voltage of 0.5~2 V and valid bandwidth of 58 MHz. Test results  demonstrate  that the design is feasible.

         ZigBee, an emerging wireless sensor network technology, has wide application and its security is increasingly significant. This paper presents its security architecture, security service, security model, security components, security keys and trust center and security policy of each layer. The paper also gives its security implementation steps. The paper eventually proposes a new idea for its key management, which is favorable to its security enhancement.

         We employed the new technology of chromium free chemical conversion surface treatment and plasma  enhanced  chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) to prepare diamond like carbon (DLC) films by two steps. We initially formed a porous structure on Mg alloy substrate and took a high adhesion film as the transitional layer. We further employed PECVD technology to prepare DLC films with Si-DLC. Scanning electron microscope and Raman spectroscopy demonstrate that the films are uniform, smooth and compact, and composed of layered compounds of C, Si and H. The films also have the same characteristics as DLC. Observation through an atomic force microscope (AFM) shows that  Si-DLC films are more compact than un-doping Si-DLC films. Si-DLC films are the most compact and completely cover the chemical conversion coating. Performance test shows that the intermediate layer between chemical conversion coating and Si-DLC film significantly improves the bond strength between Mg alloy substrate and DLC film. The intermediate layer also dramatically improves wear resistance, high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance capabilities of Mg alloy.

       We design a high precision temperature measurement circuit excited by a constant current source with RTD and thermistor commonly employed in ocean environment detection. We also reduce the measurement error caused by current variation and self heating. Scene test shows that the circuit satisfies the requirement of ocean environment  detection.

       We designed a temperature measurement and control system for rubber production. We employed pulse  interference suppression average filtering approach based on average filtering and median filtering to process temperature data in a temperature data collection and processing module. We used an integral separation PID algorithm in its output. Experiment shows that the system has high stability, short temperature adjustment time,and a control accuracy of 0.5℃ for a temperature signal.

     We explain SQLite encapsulation steps from open source database code to callable dynamic link library object with realistic examples for satisfying the requirements of portable temperature measurement of high voltage switch cabinet and fiber Bragg grating sensing technology. We also implement an embedded fiber Bragg grating system with SQLite. Test results show that SQLite exhibits better performance in embedded database query and memory  occupation.