Real-time, accurate and reliable monitoring of marine environmental information plays a crucial role in marine disaster warning and prediction, disaster prevention and reduction, marine resource development, and ensuring marine safety. In recent years, with the continuous development and upgrading of global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), the detection of atmospheric and marine environmental information based on GNSS navigation signals has become a new method and a hot research topic in the marine environmental monitoring technology. This method has been widely applied to domains such as marine meteorological monitoring and numerical forecasting. This article systematically reviews the current research status of the GNSS technology in marine environmental monitoring, including effective wave height, wind speed, rainfall intensity, water vapor and tide level monitoring. Furthermore, this paper systematically summarizes new technologies and methods and looks forward to provide reference for the future research in related fields.

Network pharmacology, which is highly consistent with the holistic and systematic perspectives of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with its multiple components and targets, has rapidly developed in the modernization of TCM. Experimental verification is one of the key contents of network pharmacology research. The zebrafish model has a complete system of drug metabolism, as well as a complex in vivo environment and target and pathway regulation mechanisms. Experiments that utilize this model have the advantages of low drug dosage, high throughput, and short cycle time. In recent years, the research mode that combines network pharmacology prediction with experimental validation using the zebrafish model has been widely applied to elucidate the effective substances and mechanisms of action of TCM. This study reviews the progress and development trends in the comprehensive application of network pharmacology and zebrafish modeling, aiming to provide a reference for their application in elucidating the modern scientific implications of the efficacy of TCM.

Flash evaporation refers to the abrupt vaporization of liquid when it undergoes a sudden pressure drop. It has broad application prospects in the field of waste heat recovery in energy-intensive industries. Motivated by the lack of research on internal flow and phase-change phenomena inside the nozzle in a waste heat power generation system, in this work, we conduct numerical research on the internal flashing in a typical nozzle with two S-shaped internal vanes. The mathematical description of this problem is given by coupling the Volume of Fluent model and the pressure-driven phase-change model, and a numerical solution is obtained using CFD software. Results show that the fluid starts to rotate and accelerate when it flows through the S-shaped vanes. Downstream the vanes, the rotation speed is low in the middle and high near the wall. After that, the fluid accelerates and ejects through the contraction section of the nozzle. Pressure drop downstream the vanes leads to flash evaporation inside the nozzle, and fluid leaves the nozzle as a liquid-vapor mixture. In addition, a modified nozzle structure is proposed from the perspectives of improving atomization, reducing fouling, and enlarging passage area. The proposed structure can promote the complete and rapid progress of spray flash evaporation and help to further improve the efficiency of the waste heat power generation system.

The complex mechanisms of action of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which are characterized by multilevels and multisystems, have always been a crucial scientific problem in modern research. With the integration of computer technology, systems biology, multidirectional pharmacology, and other disciplines, network pharmacology has formed a core technical system based on network targets, which has established component-target-disease molecular networks and shown great application potential in the modern research of TCM. We reviewed the network construction and analysis technology of network pharmacology, recent research progress in elucidating TCM's pharmacological mechanism of action, and the potential for further development of network pharmacology to provide useful reference for conducting in-depth interpretation of the scientific connotation of TCM.

As conventional and easy-to-extract oil and gas resources are declining, the exploration and exploitation of oil and gas resources in complex geological areas will play an increasingly important role in reducing our country′s dependence on foreign oil and gas and ensuring national energy security. Oil and gas reservoirs in complex geological areas have the characteristics of thinner, deeper, and stronger heterogeneity. Effective exploration is difficult to achieve using the existing seismic wave detection technology. In this paper, a distributed optical fiber acoustic wave sensing system for oil and gas seismic wave exploration and exploitation is designed. An optical cable is used as the sensor to detect the sound signal. Phase modulation/demodulation technology based on Rayleigh backscattering is adopted in a sound pressure sensitivity test that achieved a spatial resolution of 10 m and -145.35 dB. Further, field seismic exploration was conducted, seismic wave signal acquisition and processing were completed, and clear stratum information was obtained.

In this study, the original vibration signals of an Svenska Kullager-Fabriken (SKF) bearing's inner race, rolling element, and outer race with three fault sizes were extracted from Case Western Reserve University Bearing Data Center. The fault sizes were 0.007, 0.014, and 0.021 in(1 in=2.54 cm). By empirical mode decomposition (EMD), 17 intrinsic mode functions were found. Principal component analysis (PCA) was then conducted, and it was found that the relationship between the fault sizes of the inner and outer races and the first and second principal components could be accurately fitted by principal component fitting formulas. Therefore, the fault sizes can be obtained by real-time monitoring of vibration signals and signal analysis. Finally, the residual life of the bearing with a fault was predicted using the Paris-Erdogan formula and finite element simulation. This study has a significant meaning for prevention of equipment accidents caused by bearing cracks.

To effectively evaluate the remaining service life of a power lithium battery system, key factors affecting its remaining service life must be accurately obtained. In this paper, the current of the battery during charging and discharging, temperature, and real-time voltage were determined as the key factors. The influence of each factor on the remaining service life of the power lithium battery was analyzed using the principal component analysis method to perform a quantitative analysis. The values of each factor were collected during the processes of repeated charging and discharging cycle. Through the verification and comparison of the remaining service life prediction, it was observed that the cumulative contribution rate of the first five factors accountted for 99% (the error range was within 3%) and the cumulative contribution rate of the first four factors accountted for 90% (the error range was within 4%).

Subway parking lines with one train space are widely used in urban rail transit systems. However, in the process of train failure rescue , this method can accommodate only one train owing to their length limitations and will cause extra delay. Conversely, subway parking lines with two train spaces work better in train failure rescue, although higher requirements are imposed on engineering conditions and costs. This study designs eight different types of parking lines with two train spaces based on forms and setting principles of traditional parking lines with one train space, and performs a comparison analysis. Moreover, a railway simulation tool OpenTrack is used to simulate the suitability of parking lines with two train spaces during train failure rescue. Results show that each of the eight types of parking lines has its own applicative situation, and tandem parking lines exhibit better applicability among them. Furthermore, the parking lines with two train spaces can considerably reduce rescue delay time when they are set in the middle of the line away from the car depot. In the situation wherein only train failure rescue is considered, the tandem end-type parking lines are the best choice.

The optimization and calculation of the phase diagram of a Ti-Nb-Zr ternary system were presented using Pandat software. The Gibbs energy of the pure component was described using the expression provided in the scientific group thermodata Europe database. The substitutional solution and two-sublattice models were used to describe the Gibbs energy of the liquid and solid solution phases, respectively. To improve the description of the Ti-Nb-Zr ternary system, the thermodynamic parameters of the Ti-Nb and Ti-Zr systems were obtained using the PanOptimizer module of Pandat software by considering experimental data on phase equilibrium and published thermodynamic properties. The calculations of the phase equilibrium and thermodynamic properties using the proposed description agreed well with the experimental data. The results have important directive significance to the development of Ti-Nb-Zr ternary system biomedical materials.

To study a clinical drug combination of COVID-19 Sanjiao-Cold-Dampness Syndrome, network pharmacology and molecular docking mechanism were investigated to analyze the medication mechanism. 77 types of traditional Chinese medicine components and 4760 action targets were screened. GO(gene ontology) analysis and KEGG(kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes) enrichment analysis of core targets using the DAVID(the database for amotation,visualization and intergated discovery),mainly involving biological processes such as protein binding,ATP binding and singaling pathways such as PI3-Akt and FOXO. The results of Maestro molecular docking showed that the docking scores of the blood-related drug components and COVID-19 related targets were less than -5. The results show that various active components in the drug team can have a direct antiviral effect by combining with the related targets of SARS-CoV-2 and play a regulatory role in COVID-19 through various biological pathways.

Various secondary metabolites produced by filamentous fungi, especially Penicillium, are becoming an important source of new drugs. Many drugs such as anticancer drugs, antibiotics, and immunosuppressants are derived from fungal secondary metabolites. However, the secondary metabolism of fungi is affected by many factors, among which epigenetic modification plays an important regulatory role. The epigenetic modification by histone acetylation is often associated with transcriptional activation, thereby facilitating the synthesis of secondary metabolites. In this study, Penicillium christenseniae SD-193.84 was used as the research object. Bioinformatics methods were used to identify the histone deacetylase(HDAC) gene. A gene knockout technique based on homologous recombination was established in this fungus to knock out HDAC. Analysis of secondary metabolites was conducted before and after the gene knockout. We found that HDAC affects the synthesis of a variety of secondary metabolites in the fungus. This study provides a reference for molecular genetic manipulation and secondary metabolic regulation in Penicillium.

In this study, an electromagnetically induced transparent metamaterial structure with four metal lines and a ring is proposed. It exhibits the characteristics of horizontal and vertical polarization insensitivity when the electromagnetic wave is perpendicular to its surface. The characteristics of the metamaterial transmission curve and its surface current distribution have been numerically calculated and simulated. Further, the phase propagation curve and group refractive index are calculated and analyzed. The maximum group refractive index can reach up to 380, indicating that the metamaterial can be used to fabricate slow optical devices. When this metamaterial is used to manufacture a refractive index sensor, the D_FOM value is approximately 20.13, indicating a higher sensitivity compared with those of the existing sensors. Results show that the metamaterial can be applied to manufacture slow optical devices and refractive index sensors.

We aimed to investigate the mechanism of Huangqi Liujunzi decoction in the treatment of COVID-19 based on Network Pharmacology.The chemical components and targets of Huangqi Liujunzi decoction were collected from the databases of TCMSP, Pubchem, and Swiss Target Prediction and standardized using the Uniprot database.COVID-19 related genes were obtained by the GeneCards database,and we further mapped the common genes of disease and drugs.The protein-protein interaction data were downloaded from the STRING database, and the components-key targets visual network graph and protein interaction network were constructed using Cytoscape software to screen out the core targets.The GO function and KEGG pathway enrichment were analyzed by R language algorithm, and the target-pathway network was constructed using Cytoscape software.The results showed that 145 compounds and 1618 corresponding targets were screened. The key active components included luteolin,kaempferol,nobiletin,naringenin,baicalein, and acacetin.The key targets included MAPK1/3/8/14,CASP3/8,IL6/1β,ALB,apoptosis regulatory protein,PTGS2,protooncogene, and protooncogene of REL.GO function enrichment analysis included 1421 biological processes, 63 molecular functions, and 36 cell components;KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed 41 pathways, including PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, apoptosis, endocrine resistance,MAPK signaling pathway,Toll-like receptor signaling pathway,and osteoclast differentiation.Huangqi Liujunzi Decoction has a therapeutic effect on COVID-19 through antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and immune regulation mechanisms. 

To analyze the mechanism of Tingli Dazao Xiefei decoction in the treatment of COVID-19,TCMSP database was used to screen the main active compounds and related targets,GeneCards database was employed to obtain the targets related with COVID-19,STRING and Cytoscape were used to get the PPI network analysis,Metascape database was applied to predict GO enrichment and KEGG pathway annotation, and Autodock was adopted for molecular docking. According to the results, there were 27 active components involved in Tingli Dazao Xiefei decoction and 39 targets aimed to COVID-19, including quercetin, kaempferol, etc., core targets such as TNF,MAPK1/8,CASP3. There were 146 KEGG pathways, from which IL-17, NF-κB, tuberculosis got the higher P value. The results of molecular docking showed that the core compounds quercetin, kaempferol, isorhamnetin and β-sitosterol of Tingli Dazao Xiefei decoction had a good affinity with ACE2. This study showed that quercetin, kaempferol, isorhamnetin of Tingli Dazao Xiefei decoction combined with ACE2, may participate in the IL-17 and NF-κB signaling pathway by regulating TNF, CASP3, MAPK, so as to inhibit cytokine storm and inflammatory injury, which could be applied to prevent COVID-19 by multi-component, multi-target and multi-pathway.

Maltitol with the purity of over 99% was prepared by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) from maltitol products available in the market. The structure of the purified product was confirmed by UV, IR, LC-MS, and NMR. The purity of the sample was determined by HPLC-ELSD, TLC and thermogravimetric analysis. The sample was separately packed according to a specification of 10 mg per bottle. Homogeneity and stability tests and cooperative certification were conducted by HPLC-ELSD. The results showed that the sample had good homogeneity and stability. The certified value of maltitol was 99.64% with an expanded uncertainty of 0.50% at a confidence level of 95%. The certified reference material of maltitol meets the requirements of the Directives for the Work of Reference Materials (GB/T 15000) and can be used for content determination, detection method evaluation, and quality control of maltitol and related products.

A mathematical model for calculating the average delay of vehicles in each lane was established according to the running characteristics of vehicles between a hook-turn intersection and adjacent conventional intersection. Taking the minimum average delay of vehicles as the objective function and the cycle length and green time as the constraints, a coordinated optimization model was established. Finally, taking two adjacent intersections in Suzhou as an example, the established method was tested on the collected data. The hook-turn intersection was set up and the signal coordination between it and the adjacent intersection was established as the improvement method. The vehicle delay in the improvement scheme and the current scheme were compared and analyzed using VISSIM software. Experimental results show that the coordinated optimization model of signals between hookturn intersections and adjacent intersections can effectively improve the traffic capacity of intersections, especially the capacity of vehicles on straight roads, and reduce the average delay of vehicles.
 

The outbreak of COVID-19 has caused serious harm.The rapid diagnosis and precise treatment of COVID-19 are major challenges currently facing. In this paper, the clinical application of blood lactic acid index and blood lactic acid biosensors in recent years were reviewed. It is suggested that blood lactic acid level or blood lactate clearance is an important biochemical indicator for the severity stratification, evaluation of clinical therapeutic effect and prognosis of the disease. POCT blood lactic acid biosensor technology is fast, economical and realiable,which can realize the rapid and continuous diagnosis of blood lactic acid in clinical patients or indiciduals (family),and it is conducive to the severity stratification and evaluation of clinical therapeutic effect. It also helps patients identify their own condition in time, relieve psychological concerns, and promote physical recovery.

Using network open data, Auto CAD 2008, Sun Analysis 7.5, and PHOENICS 2011, a 3D model of buildings in Wuhan Leishenshan Hospital and its surrounding areas are established to perform the simulation and superposition analysis of sunlight ultraviolet rays and wind environment, which lays a foundation for the establishment of prevention and control early warning mechanism. Results show that the overall outdoor ground height of the hospital exhibits good sunlight and ultraviolet sunshine environment. During the winters and springs, the overall wind speed at the outdoor pedestrian height in the isolated medical area is not good. The wind speed in the medical and nursing living area and the comprehensive logistics area is conducive to the natural dissipation of pollutants in winters; however, it is not good during the springs. Under the working conditions during winters and springs, the wind pressure difference on the building surface of the medical living area and the logistics support area is conducive to the indoor natural ventilation as a whole. Therefore, it is still necessary to conduct daily cleaning and disinfection and perform key epidemic prevention work, as well as the outdoor detection of the virus.

In view of the development status of medical protective clothing in China, the important performance and standard of disposable medical protective clothing in recent years are systematically reviewed. Barrier antibacterial , antimicrobial and antistatic properties are important properties of disposable medical protective clothing, which can be improved by such as fiber modification, blending and coating finishing agent. The performance standard of medical protective clothing is constantly improved and refined, but the requirements for convenience and comfort are still lacking. Textile-based flexible sensors have a broad application prospect in realizing the intellectualization of medical protective clothing, but the problems such as preparation cost, use efficiency and wearability are still huge challenges.

Considering the current situation fighting against the COVID-19 and the demand for medical masks in China, the technical standards, preparation technology, protective effectiveness and development of medical masks were summarized in this paper. The advantages of various medical masks in protective performance were also analyzed and compared，then the reasonable suggestions on the application scope of masks were proposed. Results show that GB 19083—2010 medical protective masks with electret treatment have the highest filtering efficiency compared to other types of medical masks, which is not less than 95%. It is suitable for the protection of medical personnel and related staff in the department of infectious diseases or virus. However, there are still some problems such as poor air permeability and no antibacterial property. In the analysis, the new type of medical masks with high antibacterial, high resistance to virus and comfortable wearing are the most desirable properties in the near future.

The outbreak of COVID-19 is seriously endangering human and public health. It has caused great concern all around the world. The most effective measure to prevent viral diseases is vaccination. But there has no specific vaccine been approved for this disease yet. Considering the serious effect of the epidemic,this article reviewed the related vaccines research on influenza viruses and coronaviruses, and their amino acid sequences were compared. The results show that there are some similarity between the spike of 2019-nCoV and hemagglutinin from influenza A virus and influenza B virus. The hemagglutinin of influenza is the major targets of current commercial sensonal influenza vaccines which imply that vaccines might be beneficial for prevention of COVID-19. Besides that, because of the high similarity between spike and nucleocapsid of SARS-CoV and 2019-nCoV, we believe that the SARS-CoV vaccine may be an alternative that can be used for the control of COVID-19 in the short term.

Based on the theory of principle, method and prescription of Treatise on Febrile Diseases written by Zhang Zhongjing, we analyzed the etiology and pathogenesis of COVID-19(corona virus disease 2019) that is currently prevalent. Reasonable diagnosis and treatment suggestions for prevention and control were proposed. 2019-nCoV is regard as a kind of typhoid virus, and COVID-19 should be defined as what Zhongjing called typhoid, a kind of cold-induced disorders. It is not suitable for the febrile patients infected by 2019-nCoV who are afraid of cold to cool down or diminish inflammation by intravenous fluids. The study could provide valuable guidance for the prevention and control for not only the COVID-19, but also the similar epidemic infectious diseases in the future.

The outbreak of COVID-19 has resulted in the realization of important requirements with respect to the traffic emergency prevention and control system of China. This study discusses the COVID-19 patient transfer problem through intelligent transportation and then proposes algorithms and models for transferring patients to achieve a highly efficient transition between patients and medical resources. A comprehensive application system involving a three-dimensional transportation is established to optimize the match between traffic resources and medical resources, which will maximize the transportation use to connect resources. In addition, this study proposes a joint prevention and control system, discussing the functions of the Internet of Things, the communication technology and traffic control methods during the prevention and control of COVID-19 and patients treatment. Finally, we conclude the functions of traffic planning during the prevention and control of the outbreak of COVID-19 and propose the establishment of a rapid response system for key public health and safety events. The comprehensive application of intelligent transportation technology in this study can be adopted to improve the response and disposal capacity in events of public health and security emergencies. 

Trichoderma strains effectively controlling the seedling blight of Panax quinquefolium L. were screened using dual-culture antagonistic activity assay and a plot experiment and identified by internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence analysis and morphological characteristics. The result showed that all test Trichoderma strains could inhibit R. solani on a PDA plate, among which strain HB20111 had the highest inhibition ratio of 99.33%. In the plot experiment, strain HB20111 significantly controlled the seedling blight of P. quinquefolium L., with a significant difference compared to other treatments (P<0.05). For seed dressing used in the first year, the control efficiency, weight gain rate of a single plant and weight gain rate of total plants reached 71.81%, 33.54% and 92.75%, respectively.And for root adhesion treatment in the second year, the values of the three parameters were 91.04%, 158.06% and 1369.34%, respectively. The strain HB20111 was identified as T. atroviride, with typical single branched conidiophores as its other morphological characteristics were consistent with T. atroviride and ITS sequence was 100.0% homologous with that of T. atroviride. HB20111 is expected to substitute chemical fungicide in the production of P. quinquefolium L. due to fast growth, strong sporulation ability, and high control efficiency.

The flow around staggered micro-cylinders with different cross-sectional shapes, such as circular, elliptical, and diamond, was investigated via micro particle image velocimetry (Micro-PIV). Flow field information, such as velocity field and streamline, was obtained using different Reynolds numbers（Re）, and the impacts of Re and cross-sectional shape on the flow field structure were analyzed. Results show that boundary layer separation in the process of flow around the micro-cylinder lagged in comparison to macro-scale flow around the cylinder. Flow separation in the wake region of the micro-cylinder having a circular cross-section occurred earlier than those of micro-cylinders having elliptical and diamond-shaped cross-sections. A vortex structure appeared in the wake region of the micro-cylinders, and backflow length increased with the increasing Re. The backflow length and backflow area of the flow around the micro-cylinder having a circular cross-section are the largest among the three types of cross-sections.

This paper reports on the advance of research，development and field application of laser methane sensors, laser CO sensors, fiber optic wind speed sensors, and fiber distributed sensors, which are essential for gas and fire hazard prevention. Massive amount of monitoring data exist in the coal mine because of the much larger space，ever-growing number and types of equipment. Owing to its unique advantages of high-performance and distributed monitoring, fiber sensors and laser sensors have gradually become the technological development trend of mine sensors.

Ocean data buoy are important technical means for obtaining offshore in-situ environmental parameters such as hydrology and meteorology,and play an important role in marine environmental monitoring,early warning and forecasting,disaster prevention and mitigation,resource development,and maritime traffic. In this paper, the effect, composition, classification, main theory and technology system of ocean data buoy are summarized. The paper presents the development of domestic ocean data buoy in history and an overview of technological breakthrough in recent years. It also introduces the composition and application of marine monitoring network in China and compares the technology of ocean data buoy in China with and that in more advanced countries. Finally, the development trends of ocean data buoy and buoy monitoring network are expected.

Because of the gradual exhaustion of land resources, it has become the consensus of all countries with coastal lines to seek resources and space from the ocean. Competition in the field of marine technology has become increasingly fierce, which has driven the rapid development of marine environmental observation technology and instruments and posed a higher challenge for the development of China's marine core technology. In this paper, the technology of marine environment observation platform, sensing technology, and data integrated processing technology involved in the field of marine environment observation technology are analyzed and summarized. On the premise of clarifying the status quo of technology and instruments, the existing gaps are determined, and the integrated processing technology of marine environment observation data is conducted initially. On this basis, the prospects of marine environmental observation technology and instrument are forecasted according to the development trend. Based on the modularization and serialization of instruments and equipment that currently exist in this field, the paper predicts that they will be further developed toward networking and intelligentization. This study is believed to provide suggestions for technologists who are engaging in development planning, technology researching, instrument developing, and engineering application of marine environmental monitoring technology in China.

Hearing loss has a substantial effect on the quality of patients′ life. The study on hearing loss using appropriate model organisms can provide reliable data for disease treatment and drug development. Zebrafish has emerged as a new type of vertebrate model organism in recent years. Because of its unique advantages, there is a growing interest in the use of zebrafish in research related to human hearing disorders. Considering this scenario, the paper reviews the research advantages, application progress, and common techniques used in the field of hearing research involving zebrafish.