Table of Content

20 December 2015 Volume 28 Issue 6

  

Traditional Chinese medicine and natural active products

Preparation method of polysaccharides with immune activity from Radix Glehniae

XIE Yingying,CUI Ning,GUO Wei,YU Zongyuan

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(6):  1-5.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.06.001

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To determine the optimal preparation method of polysaccharides with immune activity from Radix Glehniae, we employed four different approaches to prepare polysaccharides from Radix Glehniae, and performed the experiment of spleen lymphocytes of mouse proliferation test in vitro.We also compared immune activity of each polysaccharide sample. With extraction rate and proliferation rate of spleen lymphocytes of mouse as parameters, we analyzed the necessity of 95% ethanol reflux to remove small molecules, protein elimination and ethanol precipitation of different concentrations,which might determine optimal preparation method of polysaccharides with immune activity from Radix Glehniae. By comparisons of extraction rate and proliferation rate,the sample through processes of boiling water extraction, concentration contraction and desiccation has the highest extraction rate of 33.15% and the strongest proliferation rate of spleen lymphocytes of mouseof 33.93% at the concentration of 62.5 μg/mL.Experimental results show that optimal preparation method of polysaccharides with immune activity from Radix Glehniae is boiling water extraction, concentration contraction and desiccation, but not 95% ethanol reflux, protein elimination and ethanol precipitation.

Preparation of cis-and trans-2, 3, 5, 4′-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glycoside reference substance from Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.

CUI Li，CHEN Jingxian, ZHU Heng,MOU Yuzhu,LIN Changhu,ZHANG Qinghai,WANG Xiao, WANG Zhaoping, WANG Daijie

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(6):  6-10.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.06.002

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We established a onestep preparation approach of high purity cis-and trans-2, 3, 5, 4′tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glycoside reference substance from Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.We initially extracted crude 2, 3, 5, 4′tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glycoside from Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.,then refined and purified it with preparative high performance liquid chromatography of acetonitrile andwater ratio of 25∶75 (V/V), and eventually acquired cis-and trans- 2, 3, 5, 4′tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glycoside. Their structures were identified by ESIMS,1Hand13CNMR. Their purities of 98.90% and 99.66%were determined with HPLC, which satisfiedthe requirement of reference substances. The method is simple, rapid, well reproductive, and has high extraction purity. It is therefore suitable for the preparation of cis and trans 2, 3, 5, 4′tetrahydroxystilbene2OβDglycoside reference substances.

atched application of deep sea water and fucoidin in attenuation of lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells

He Shan, Peng Weibing, Zhou Honglei,Liu Kechun,Xia Xuan

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(6):  11-16.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.06.003

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We addressed regulation effect of matched application of deep sea water (DSW) and fucoidan (FPS) on lipid metabolism with HepG2 cells as models. We confirmed the concentration of FPS matched with DSW should be controlled within 50 μg/mL by MTT assay. Within this scope, lipid content of HepG2 cells gradually decreased with the increase of FPS concentration (5, 10, 20, and 50 μg/mL). Significant doze dependent phenomenon exists. Moreover, matched application of DSW and 50 μg/mL FPS was significantly superior to single 50 μg/mL DSW or FPS.Experimental results show that matched application of DSW and FPS has better regulation effect to lipid metabolism of HepG2 cells, optimal matched application concentration of 50 μg/mL. This research provides a new solution for prevention and treatment of hyperlipidemia.

Agricultural Microbiology

Direct detection and isolation of atrazinedegrading bacteria

LI Hongmei, LI Chengyun, LI Jishun, WEI Yanli, YANG Hetong, BAZHANAU Dzmitry

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(6):  17-22.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.06.004

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We detected, enumerated and isolated atrazinedegrading bacteria from herbicide contaminated soil by improved agar SM. We found that atrazine degraders constituted a major component of microbial communities in industrially contaminated soils, but a minor component in agricultural soils. We also analyzed targeting genes trzN and atzABC with multiplex PCR, which indicated that trzN and atzABC combination included degraders were prevalent in Shandong agricultural and industrial soils. Due to elimination of enrichment bias, direct isolation was more favorable for the diversity analysis of atrazine degrading bacteria.

Genetic typing of atrazinedegrading bacteria directly isolated from industrial and agricultural soil samples

LI Chengyun，LI Hongmei，LI Jishun，YANG Hetong，BAZHANAU Dzmitry

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(6):  23-34.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.06.005

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We identified and classified 116 atrazinedegrading strains directly isolated from industrial and agricultural soil samples polluted by herbicides. We discovered 12 phylotypes among them through phylogenetic analysis of ERICPCR genotyping and 16S rRNA gene. Among the 12 phylotypes, we identified 8 phylotypes belonging to Arthrobacter bacteria in industrial soils, which are similar to phylogenetic groups of A.aurescens. We also detected identical genotypes within phylogenetic groups of Pseudomonas alcaliphila and Gulosibacter molinativorax in heavily contaminated no plant industrial soil. Only 3 phylotypes were distinguished in agricultural corn root soil. Bacteria genetically similar to Arthrobacter ureafaciens were ubiquitous and predominant atrazine degraders in agricultural soils. The other 2 phylotypes were distant Nocardioides spp.Genetic typing results indicate specific environment of genetic structures and diversity of atrazinedegrading microbial colonies. Contamination rate in industrial soils is the main factor affecting degrading diversity and genetic structures.

Impact of Trichoderma wettable powder application on winter wheat field growth

WU Xiaoqing,ZHAO Zhongjuan,LI Zhe,HU Jindong,ZHAO Xiaoyan,WANG Yilian,HUANG Yujie,LI Jishun,YANG Hetong

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(6):  35-42.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.06.006

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Trichoderma agent has promotion effect to biofertilizer, which is an important index to evaluate the efficacy of biofertilizer. However, its growth promoting effect is rarely evaluated in field conditions. We applied three Trichoderma agents with different functionalities to the processing for winter wheat, and plate dilution method to calculation of its colony numbers in earth. We also calculated seedling numbers and seedling period biomass of winter wheat, epiphytotic morbidity and yield of winter wheat. All three Trichoderma agents could successfully colonize and remain active in the whole growth season. T11W content was relatively higher in preharvest soil. Tr01 content was the highest at harvest time. Results show that LTR2 improves seedling emergence of 120.97%, seedling biomass of 54.59%, reduces wheat sharp eyespot disease index of 16.60%, wheat stripe rust disease index of 35.14%, and increases yield of 4.83%. T11W can increase seedling emergence of 146.77%, seedling biomass of 59.54%, but has negative effects toprevention and treatment of controlled diseases and increases yield of 37.79%. Tr01 can increase seedling emergence of 150.00%, has no significant effect to seedling biomass.It can reduce wheat sharp eyespotof 36.49%, but has no positive effect to the reduction of wheat stripe rust.The three Trichoderma agents have different promotion effects to the growth of winter wheat, so they have promotional application value. Our research provides data for research and development of Trichoderma agent.

Isolation and identification of three Chinese new records in Trichoderma harzianum species complex

ZHANG Guangzhi，ZHANG Xinjian，CHEN Quan，LI Zhe，GUO Kai，YANG Hetong

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(6):  43-46.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.06.007

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We isolated three Trichoderma strains, Z19, CX584 and CY3585, from soils of Tibet, Shandong and Yunnan by selective medium THSM. These strains were identified by ITS rDNA and TEF1α sequences and morphological characteristics. Results show that the three Trichoderma strains were Trichoderma harzianum species complex,T. afroharzianum, T. atrobrunneum and T. simmonsii. These three species are all new record to China.

Energy and Power

Prediction of thermal boundary conductance between graphene and substrate with phonon transport theory

YUAN Kunpeng, XU Zhe, WANG Zhaoliang

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(6):  47-51.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.06.008

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Thermal boundary conductance (TBC) is predominant in interior thermal transport with the increasing minimization of nanometer components. We theoretically predicted phonon transmission coefficient and TBC between graphene and Si substrate with diffuse mismatch model (DMM) and inelastic scattering model and conducted analysis with phonon transport theory. Results show that both phonon transmission coefficient and TBC increase with the increase of temperature. They gradually converge at high temperature due to mode saturation of excited phonon. Inelastic scattering provides extra channels for phonon transmission,which cause the increase of phonon transmission coefficient and TBC capacity.

Performance experiment of gas water heater system with a heat pipe heat recovery device

ZHANG Min, LI Dong, ZHAO Xiaobao

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(6):  52-57.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.06.009

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We designed a condensing heat pipe heat exchanger installed at the rear funnel of conventional gas water heater. We analyzed the impact of heat load and inlet flow volume on the exhaust sensible and latent heat recovery as well as the thermal efficiency of gas water heater. Experimental results show that heat load of the gas water heater has important impact on the recycled heat of heat pipe heat exchanger.With the increase of heat load of the gas water heater from 051 m3/h to 0.59 m3/h, the recovered sensible heat and latent heat respectively increase from 2 671 kJ/h to 3 283 kJ/h and 735 kJ/h to 1 126 kJ/h. The average thermal efficiency of the gas water heater can reach 94%, and the highest thermal efficiency can attain 101%.

Biosensors

Automatic sampling design of fermentation biochemical indexes detection

ZHU Sirong, ZHOU Wanli, ZHANG Liqun, YANG Yan, GAO Guangheng, ZHAO Xiaohua

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(6):  58-64.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.06.010

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We design an online automatic sampling device and its control process for fermentation samples, which can collect samples in multiple fermentation tanks in sequence and time division to automatically determine the biochemical parameters of multiple fermentation processes. The device can support direct cell free sampling using filtering membrane or osmotic membrane sampling probes, direct sampling with cells using straight tube, and indirect sampling using Utube witch could simulate manual sampling. We present sampling processes and their software flowcharts of various sampling methods. For direct sampling with cells using straight tube, we also devise multiple bacteria antipollution barriers and provide method of sampling tube chemical sterilization process at the determination interval to prevent external bacteria pollution through sampling tube during longperiod fermentation. Combined with biosensor analysis system, the device can conduct online automatic analysis for biochemical parameters in different fermentation processes.

Identification of strain Fusarium sp. ZW21 and bioethanol production by corn straw hydrolysate fermentation

WANG Binglian,FENG Dong, LIANG Xiaohui, LI Dahai

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(6):  65-72.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.06.011

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We identified a filamentous fungus strain Fusarium sp. ZW21 that could ferment corn straw hydrolysate and produced ethanol. It was identified as Fusarium genus through 18S rDNA sequence analysis.We discovered it could produce ethanol with corn straw hydrolysate.We further investigated the impact of sugar concentration of corn straw hydrolysate, nitrogen sources, pH value, temperature, inoculum volume and surface active agents on ethanol production.Two factors of yeast extract and Tween 80 were selected to further optimize these influential factors by response surface methodology. Optimal medium were eventually acquired: 50 g/L straw hydrolysate, 10.19 g/L yeast extract,10 g/L KH2PO4, 0.5 g/L MgSO4·7H2O,0.423 g/L Tween 80, pH value of 6.0, 8% (V/V)inoculum volume, 32 ℃ incubation temperature, and 5 days fermentation time with limited oxygen.The highest ethanol yield was 22.1 g/L.

Optical Fiber and Photonic sensingtechnology

Research advances of the application of laser radar in atmospheric detection

ZHANG Zhenzhen,LIU Tongyu,NAN Gangyang,ZHAO Yang,WANG Qiwu, JU Yang

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(6):  73-80.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.06.012

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Laser radar has been broadly applied in atmospheric detection and weather monitoring due to such characteristics as good direction, coherence, monochromaticity and small volume. We survey its latest research advances and application status quo in atmospheric detection. We think its main issue is easily susceptible to environmental change. It will develop towards highaccuracy, highperformance and intelligence.

Safety monitoring system for jacket structure of offshore platform

LIU Xiaohui, ZHAO Wenan, ZHAO Qingchao, MA Long, L Jingsheng, WANG Yingying, SHANG Ying, WANG Chen, WANG Chang

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(6):  81-86.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.06.013

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We develop strain, tilt and acceleration sensors with strain accuracy of 5 με, tilt angle precision of 0.02°, and acceleration sensitivity of 800 pm/g below 40 Hz, based on the principle of fiber Bragg grating (FBG).We further employed them to establish a safety monitoring system for the jacket structure of offshore platform. We implement online monitoring for pileleg supporting force, platform tilt and swing amplitude. We also calculate its strain situation by constructing a mechanical model for jacket structure, analyze the security of the jacket structure and conduct alert.The system has been successfully applied in an oil platform at South China Sea, and provide security guarantee for the jacket structure.

Tranfic and Transportation

Impact of chair and desk structures in a classroom on evacuation efficiency

CHEN Liang,TANG Tieqiao,SHAO Yixiao

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(6):  87-92.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.06.014

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With our constructed cellular automata evacuation model, we address the impact of chair and desk structures in a twoexit classroom on evacuation efficiency.We also analyze the distinction of evacuation efficiencies. Simulation results indicate that training chairs with tablets increase the evacuation distance to an exit for some students. This causes the reduction of evacuation efficiency, and the time interval that all students be simultaneously evacuated may not be shortest. These results are favorable for structure design of chairs and desks in a classroom and other similar scenarios.

Performance comprehensive assessment method for intelligent transportation system of Shandong Province

CHEN Changying,YANG Xiuhong,JIANG Shuming

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(6):  93-100.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.06.015

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Intelligent transportation system is an effective method for solving existing traffic jam, traffic rules violation reduction and the improvement of traffic efficiency. It has become an indispensable component of smart city construction and traffic development. We introduce the development of Shandong intelligent transportation construction in the latest three years, based on which we present a performance comprehensive assessment method for expressway and national and provincial highway intelligent transportation system construction. We comprehensively assess all quantitative parameters for Shandong all municipal intelligent transportation system construction with the method. We further analyze the distribution of all municipal planned total investment, emphasizing all municipal distributions of local period total construction investment and construction fund and asset practical investment.All the analysis includes two situations: expressway and national and provincial highway. Practical data analysis shows that the difference of all municipal practical fund and asset investments is the main reason that cause the distinction of comprehensive performance assessment when investment difference is not significant. The result can guide future intelligent transportation construction of Shandong and even China. It has also reference value for the assessment of other system construction.

Simulation based evacuation time of deeply buried metro stations

XU Fan, HAN Baoming, LI Dewei, ZHOU Weiteng

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(6):  101-110.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.06.016

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Safe evacuation risk gradually increases with the increase of buried depth of metro stations. We analyze the impact of station structure, evacuation safe zone, evacuation facilities, passenger flow volume and evacuation guidance on passenger evacuation time of deeply buried metro stations. We also construct a network model and an evacuation model of deeply buried metro stations for emergency evacuation scenario. We eventually employ urban rail transit passenger evacuation simulation system to calculate passenger evacuation time of a deeply buried metro station through model validation, taking a Beijing constructing deeply buried metro station as a case.Simulation result is compared with theoretically calculated evacuation time. Results show that all passengers can be evacuated to security areas from platforms within 5 minutes, consistent with relevant regulations. The simulation system can therefore be applied to the research of evacuation time of deeply buried metro stations.

Other Research Article

An application of NilpotentJacobian method

QIAO Xiaoling,WANG Xinnian,SHAO Yanling

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(6):  111-115.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.06.017

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To enrich the spectrally arbitrary pattern matrix class, we present two new complex sign pattern matrix with nonzero entries. We implement nilpotent with intermediate value theorem.We also extend NilpotentJacobian method and 3n prove two complex sign pattern matrix are minimally spectrally arbitrary.

Existence and multiplicity of positive solutions of secondorder ordinary differential equations

ZHOU Shilei,DONG Xue,DONG Xiaoyu

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(6):  116-120.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.06.018

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We address existence and multiplicity of positive solutions in boundary value problems of secondorder ordinary differential equations,u″(t)+λh1(t)f(u,v)=0,v″(t)+λh2(t)g(u,v)=0,u(0)=u(1)=v(0)=v(1)=0. With fixed point theorem and f(u,v) and g(u,v) satisfying a growth condition,we determine the scope of system parameter λ,which can ensure the system contains at least one or two positive solutions.

Monascus pigment production conditions in wheat and rice brans mixed fermentation

ANG YiLian,HU JinDong,ZHAO JiXing,CHEN Quan,WU YuanZheng,LI JiShun

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(6):  121-126.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.06.019

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We researched the impact of inoculum volume, fermentation temperature and fermentation time on the yield of Monascus pigment SM01 by single factor experiment, orthogonal experiment and carbon, nitrogen and trace elements added experiment with inexpensive wheat and rice brans as raw materials. Its optimal fermentation conditions were determined as inoculum volume of 13%, fermentation temperature at 30 ℃ and fermentation time of 10 days. Optimal additional scheme was glucose + nitrate + Glycerol + KH2PO4+MgSO4. Under such conditions, color value of Monascus pigmentcan reach 3 789 U / g with substitution of mixture of lowcost wheat bran, rice bran, glucose, ammonium nitrate, glycerol and trace elements mixture into rice cultivation of Monascus purpureus, 30 percent production cost decreased.

Android platform based design and implementation of a human body composition analyzer

LI Zhao, SHAN Ke, DENG Shaolong, GAO Tianlei, LIU Zhaoyang

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(6):  127-132.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.06.020

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We designed and developed a kind of highprecision, multiparameter, digitalization, and completely intelligent human body composition analyzer with data parsing techniques of Android platform for such negatives of existing human body composition analyzer as simple type and poor human experience performance. It applied eightpoint contact electrode acquisition method in frontend acquisition module, and implemented completely automatic multifrequency detection. It obtained human body bioelectrical impedance and processed the acquired data. It could further provide friendly humancomputer interactive interfaces by Android platform. It had such positives as simple circuit structure, low cost, measurement, calculation, data interactivity and storage for 30 human body components.

Steel structure vibration deformation observation with digital photography technology

YU Xianzhi,ZHANG Guojian,YU Chengxin

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(6):  133-138.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.06.021

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To implement realtime monitoring for steel structure of vibration state,we employ digital photography technology to observe deformed steel structure.We capture instantaneous continuous deformation information for loaded and unloaded steel structures with multiple direct linear transformation method calibrated digital cameras. We further recognize and localize circular marks through Hough transform mathematical model and get image coordinates of a deformation point.The image coordinates are processed and drew into a deformation curve whose observation accuracy can reach 3/1 000. Experimental results show that we can achieve multipoints and instantaneous observation by this technology, and can capture instantaneous deformation information.The observation precision can also satisfy the requirement of structural deformation observation.