Shandong Science

Development of in situ fiber optic fluorescence sensor for chlorophyll-a

ZHANG Tian-peng,CHU Dong-zhi, MA Hai-kuan, ZHANG Li, CAO Xuan, WU Ning, WANG Xiao-hong

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2017, 30(6): 1-5. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2017.06.001

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An online in situ fiber optic sensor used for detecting the chlorophyll-a content was designed by fluorescence detection technology. The sensor was based on optical fiber transmission and fluorescence analysis method, which could be used to capture, transmit and analyze the fluorescence signal to achieve the goal of online rapid detection of chlorophyll-a. Experimental results show that the response value of the sensor has a good linear relation with the concentration of chlorophyll-a. And the sensor has the advantage of stable performance, small size, and fast transmission speed, etc. Therefore, the sensor has preliminarily obtained the online in situ detection capability of chlorophyll-a content in seawater.

Numerical simulation of large ocean data buoy wave energy convertor

LIU Ye, DING Yuan-qiang，ZHAO Huan-yu，CHAI Hui，ZHAO Qiang，XU Yu-zhe，JIANG Feng

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2017, 30(6): 6-14. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2017.06.002

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Taking the large ocean data buoy with 10 m diameter as research objects, the wave energy convertor adapted to its structural characteristics was analyzed, and the 10 m diameter buoy body’s FroudeKrylov and the rolling angle were calculated by means of numerical simulation. At the same time, the output power of the wave energy convertor was calculated, which could meet the charging voltage of the accumulator. Finally, this paper proposed a structural design scheme and a system integration project suitable for this kind of ocean data buoy, which provided an idea for the further research and development of the ocean data buoy wave energy convertor.

SPME-GC-MC analysis of chemical components of essential oil from Tianmeng Mountain Imperial Chrysanthemum

CHEN Wen-hua, ZHENG Xiao-wen, WANG Fei, ZHANG Ming-yan, XU Ling-chuan

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2017, 30(6): 15-21. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2017.06.003

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Using solid-phase micro extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS) technique, a rapid, simple and fully automated procedure was developed for the identification of essential oil from Tianmeng Mountain Imperial Chrysanthemum. The relative mass fraction of each component was calculated by the normalization method of chromatographic peak area. Fifty seven chemical components were identified in total, accounting for 82.448% of the total GC peak area of essential oil. The principal chemical constituents and their relative mass fractions were as follows: Eucalyptol (12.44%), D-Camphor(9.209%), (1S)-(-)-α-Pinene (8.597%), L(-)-Borneol (6.172%), β-Phellandrene(5.642%), L-Bornyl acetate (4.861%).

Optimization of the water extraction conditions of Huangqin dispensing granules by orthogonal test

HAO Cui, MU Yan,ZHAO Heng-qiang,CUI Li, LIU Wei, LIU Feng-qin

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2017, 30(6): 22-28. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2017.06.004

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For the optimization of the water extraction conditions of Huangqin dispensing granules, orthogonal test method was used to investigate the effects of 3 factors, including different water volumes, extraction frequency and extraction duration, on the total content of baicalin, wogonoside, baicalein and wogonin and the extract rate. Meanwhile, the methodology of the HPLC determination was verified. As a result, under the experiment conditions, the importance order was as follows: extraction duration,extraction frequency,water volume. And extraction durations at different level were significant different (P＜0.05). The experiment proved that the suitable extraction condition was that Huangqin slices were added 10 times volume of water and extracted 3 times for 1 h each time. The extraction condition optimized in this paper was practical and stable with high extraction rate of active ingredients, which was suitable to be used in the preparation of Huangqin dispensing granules.

The immune-regulatory effects of active ingredients of asparagus using zebrafish model

LIU Fa-sheng, WANG Rong-chun, GUO Jing-lan, CHEN Yan-li, XIA Qing, KONG Hao-tian, FENG Run-liang, HAN Li-wen, ZHANG Ai-ping, LIU Ke-chun

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2017, 30(6): 29-34. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2017.06.005

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In this experiment, 48 hpf (hour post fertilization) healthy transgenic zebrafish Tg(lyz: EGFP) was used as animal model. Firstly, immune suppression of zebrafish embryos was induced by chloramphenicol treatment. Then those zebrafish embryos were treated with 25.0~200.0 mg/L asparagus polysaccharide and 6.25~100.00 mg/L asparagus saponins for 24 h, respectively. Finally, the development of zebrafish in each group was observed under the microscope,and the number of neutrophils in zebrafish was recorded and counted to evaluate their immuneregulatory effects. The results showed that the numbers of neutrophils in 72hpf zebrafish trunk area decreased in chloramphenicolinduced group.Asparagus polysaccharide group(50.0~200.0 mg/L) showed a significant immunological enhancement effect with dosedependent manner. Asparagus saponins could also significantly improve chloramphenicolinduced immunosuppressive effects within the experimental dose range. In this study, This study showed that the active ingredients of asparagus, such as polysaccharide and asparagus saponin, had obvious regulation effects on the immune function of zebrafish, which provided the scientific basis for further development of asparagus.

Research on the effects of chloramphenicol on developmental and immune toxicity of juvenile zebrafish

WANG Rong-chun，HE Qiu-xia，HAN Jian，CHEN Xi-qiang，SUN Chen，WANG Xi-min，HAN Li-wen，LIU Ke-chun

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2017, 30(6): 35-40. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2017.06.006

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The impact of chloramphenicol on developmental toxicity and immune cells of wild and transgenic Tg(lyz:EGFP) juvenile zebrafish was investigated. After treated separately with different concentrations of chloramphenicol for 72 hours, the survival rate, abnormal rate, morphology variation of juvenile zebrafish, and the number of immune cells labeled with green fluorescent in juvenile zebrafish were observed. The results showed that with the increase of the concentration of

chloramphenicol (≥100 mg/L) and the exposure time, the survival rate and hatching rate of zebrafish decreased, and mortality increased. The teratogenic effects of chloramphenicol on juvenile zebrafish included yolk sac edema, pericardial edema and spinal curvature. Through observation of the transgenic strain Tg(lyz:EGFP), it was found that chloramphenicol (≥75 mg/L) could inhibit the number of immune cells in zebrafish. This study showed that chloramphenicol had teratogenic and lethal effects on juvenile zebrafish in a time dependent and dose dependent manner. And chloramphenicol had immune toxicity, which could reduce the number of immune cells in juvenile zebrafish.

Failure analysis for abnormal fracture of nodular cast iron QT500-7 air compressor shaft

XIU Da-peng,ZHANG Su-qing,ZHOU Ji-xue，YANG Yuan-sheng，HAN Qing-you

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2017, 30(6): 41-44. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2017.06.007

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Through scanning electron microscopy, the fracture morphology, graphite morphology and microstructure of the nodular cast iron QT5007 air compressor shaft were observed. The results indicated that the fracture mode of this shaft belonged to fatigue fracture, and such defects as abnormal nodularizing, floating of graphite and the coarse grains were the important factors causing the abnormal fracture. In addition, the stress concentration near the keyway point and thread root could also initiate the multisource crack in service, leading to the brittle fracture failure. Therefore, this paper proposed that preventive measures should be strengthened such as furnace examination and metallographic analysis, reasonable shaft structure and avoiding cutting thread in high load area on shaft to ensure the quality of nodular cast iron shaft.

Facile fabrication of Co3O4 hydrangealike microspheres with hierarchical structure and research on their enhanced performance in lithium ion batteries

WEI Lei,WANG Wei

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2017, 30(6): 45-49. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2017.06.008

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In this paper, the hydrangealike Co3O4 nanomaterials have been developed using solvothermal method, and the morphology and microstructure analysis have been identified by the SEM and XRD. The results showed that the morphology of sample was 4~6 μm hydrangea like microspheres with hierarchical structure, wellcrystallized and without any impurity phase. When applied as anode material in lithium ion battery, hydrangealike Co3O4 hierarchical structure demonstrated high reversible capacity and good recyclability. The Co3O4 anode could deliver initial discharge capacity as high as 1508 mA·h/g at a current density of 300 mA/g, and had excellent reversible capacity of 1300 mA·h/g after 20 cycles. The unique morphology of the assynthesized hydrangealike Co3O4 nanomaterials enhances their electrochemical performance. The peculiar hierarchical structure of Co3O4 provides a short path for Li+ ion diffusion, and enough free space to accommodate the large volume changed during cycling.

Experimental study of flow boiling two-phase frictional pressure drop in an array of micro-pin-fins

GUO Bao-cang, DU Bao-zhou, LIU Zhi-gang, KONG Ling-jian, Lü Ming-ming, LI Hui-jun

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2017, 30(6): 50-57. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2017.06.009

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To investigate the factors affecting the flow boiling twophase frictional pressure drop in an array of micropinfins, the experiments were carried out in micro pin fin heat sink having cylindrical fins with height of 500 mm and diameter of 500 mm, in which twophase flow patterns with different heating powers were recorded and analyzed by the high speed camera. The experiment parameters were as follows: mass flux G=341~598.3 kg·m-2·s-1, heat flux q=20~160 W·cm-2, vapor quality x=0~0.2. The results showed that the twophase frictional pressure drop increased with the mass flux and increased linearly with the heat flux. The influence of the fluid subcooled on the two-phase frictional pressure drop was weakened gradually with the increase in vapor quality. Based on the visual observations, the bubble flow and annular flow were observed in the micro pin fin heat sink with the increase of heat flux, and the twophase frictional pressure drop in annular flow was obviously higher than that in bubble flow.

Simulation study on hydrodynamics of activated coke in fluidized bed reactor

HE Yan, WU Gong-peng, CHEN Wei

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2017, 30(6): 58-64. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2017.06.010

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The numerical simulation was employed to investigate hydrodynamics of activated coke of two-dimension fluidized bed under different operation conditions, based on the two-fluid model. Results show that the pressure drop of fluidized bed is up to maximum with low gas velocity and high solid flux, and it increases gradually with the increase of solid volume fraction. Axial solid concentration of activated coke at the bottom of fluidized bed is denser than that at the top, which

verifies the heterogeneous distribution of particles. Axial averaged velocity of particles is easily subject to gas velocity, which is low at the bottom of fluidized bed and increases with the increase of bed height due to gas entrainment. Therefore, reasonable operation conditions (such as gas velocity and solid circulating flux) are significant for improving gassolid reaction efficiency of fluidized bed.

Design of data acquisition system for distributed optical fiber sensor

NAN Gang-yang, WAN Qi-wu, SUN Ji-hua，GUO Rui, ZHANG Zhen-zhen, JU Yang

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2017, 30(6): 65-70. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2017.06.011

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Based on the Raman scattering temperature effect and the optical time domain reflection technology, a 100 MHz highspeed data acquisition system SDLaser_DAQ600 was developed to measure the temperature field of space environment. In the data acquisition system, using real time averaging algorithm in the FPGA, DAQ600 has realized 65 536 times cumulative averaging for original fiber sensor signals, which supported realtime sampling of 10 km length fiber with 1 m spatial resolution.The experimental results show that, signaltonoise ratio for optical fiber sensing can be increased to more than 90 dB through the 65 536 times cumulative averaging. Finally, smooth curves of Stokes and antiStokes have been obtained, which could provide proper data support for distributed temperature system measurement.

Research on wavelet packet global threshold de-noising for laser Doppler velocimetry signal

ZHANG Da,LIU Rang-lei，YAO Jing

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2017, 30(6): 71-78. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2017.06.012

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The actual laser Doppler velocimetry signal mixed up much noise, so it was difficult to find the required Doppler frequency shift. In this paper, a wavelet packet global threshold denoising method was proposed to solve this problem, which was also used to process Doppler velocimetry signal in MATLAB. According to the characteristics of the Doppler signal, through the selection of wavelet packet decomposition scale, the comparison of threshold estimation methods and the adjustment of threshold thr, the developed method could quickly and effectively eliminate the noise signal, improve the SNR and obtain useful signals.

Comprehensive optimization for utilization of arrival-departure tracks and route selection in hub-station of high-speed railway

HUANG Quan,HE Zhen-huan,HE Hong

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2017, 30(6): 79-86. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2017.06.013

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Through analyzing characteristics of arrival and departure of trains as well as passenger services, and considering technique requirements of train arrival & departure and passenger organization in high-speed railway hub-station, the use of arrivaldeparture track and route selection were taken as a whole to be optimized comprehensively. Aiming at the equilibrium use of arrivaldeparture track, the equilibrium workload of ticketcheck entrance, and the minimum conflict of train arriving and departing, the 01 integer programming models were established. Meanwhile, the ant colony algorithm was designed to solve practical problems. Taking Guangzhou South station for an example, results showed that the utilization of arrivaldeparture tracks and the workload of ticketcheck entrances were more balanced, and the minimum time interval of two trains which occupied the same arrivaldeparture track was more reasonable, which was beneficial to the adjustment of track and time when the train was delayed and disturbed, achieving goals of optimization for utilization of arrivaldeparture tracks and route selection.

Travel behavior analysis based on Weibo checkin data

NIE Qi

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2017, 30(6): 87-93. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2017.06.014

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Using Python crawler, the location checkin data of Sina Weibo in the year of 2012 were crawled through the Sina API port. The data set consisted of 5,028,980 records. These data were divided into 340 cities or regions above prefecture level. Data statistics showed that there was the largest number of check-in in 3 cities: Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou, which revealed that Weibo users were more active there. Furthermore, through correlation analysis, it was found that the Weibo users′ attendance flow in these cities was related to the local GDP, indicating that the level of city economic development would affect the users′ travel behavior. In addition, this paper also divided the major cities into clusters according to the users' trip volume, further confirming that the developed cities were more attractive to Weibo users than other economically underdeveloped cities.

Development of an automatic and continuous microspheres preparation instrument based on ARM microcontroller

TIAN Han-mei, HOU Yan-jin, WANG Jian-mei, LI Yan, WANG Xue-ying, WANG Jian-chun, XU Min,WANG Li-qiu

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2017, 30(6): 94-98. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2017.06.015

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Microspheres cover a wide range of applications such as drug synthesis and release. Microspheres fabricated by conventional high-sheer emulsification techniques, for instance phase separation and precipitation, have the defects of a large polydispersity in size and a high variability in structure. However, droplet microfluidic technology can overcome the problems. In this paper, based on microfluidic technology, an instrument was developed for precisely synthesizing microspheres in an automatic and continuous manner. The STM32F407 microcontroller of ARM series was the core of the instrument, which controlled the action of each execution module and communicated data with PC touching-screen. Results show that the instrument can work continuously for 80 hours, and enables an automatic and continuous preparation of microspheres with uniform and well-controlled size.

Cloud platform based intelligent health monitoring system and its application

QIAO Ying-xia, GAO Tian-lei, LIU Zhao-yang, SHAN Ke

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2017, 30(6): 99-104. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2017.06.016

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A kind of intelligent health monitoring system based on cloud platform was put forward, which could realize the human body sign parameter detecting, monitoring and health intervention, so it provided a positive and effective way to prevent chronic disease and correct bad habits. The system was based on "intelligent perception terminal + data processing station + health cloud platform + multimodal application terminal" architecture, and was designed by adopting cloud computing and sensor technology, which consisted of 3 sections, such as data processing frontends (including health monitoring sensor cluster arrays and data processing stations), data analysis and storage cloud platform, and application terminals. The blood pressure, blood oxygen, temperature, ECG, blood routine, urine routine, and other signs of parameters could be monitored by the system, and further be analyzed by highspeed data transmission techniques with mature cloud platform, powerful capacities for data computing and realtime dynamic analysis algorithm. Finally, functions such as data analysis, calculation, remote storage, synchronous display, multidistribution and remote push could be achieved. The system has various monitoring parameters and high accuracy, which can realize the remote data transmission, processing and display and contribute to the establishment of a new health monitoring model.

Improved discrete particle swarm optimization algorithm to solve the reentrant jobshop scheduling problem

WAN Jing

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2017, 30(6): 105-119. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2017.06.017

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In this paper, by combining the existing discrete particle swarm optimization algorithm with a small but effective local search, an effective hybrid discrete particle swarm optimization algorithm was formed. This paper also discussed how to fuse the local search to optimize the discrete particle swarm. And the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm has been proved by the comparison of the simulation results.

Research on performance evaluation of the projects of Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation

JIA Xin-xin，GUO Meng-ying

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2017, 30(6): 110-114. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2017.06.018

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To further strengthen the management of Shandong provincial Natural Science Fundation, optimize the scientific and technological resources, and improve the efficiency of capital investment in science and technology, the conceptual model and evaluation index system of Shandong Provincial Natural Science Fundation was established on the basis of the existing research. Furthermore, the two-stage DEA model was used to evaluate the projects Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation.The empirical results show that the overall performance level of the projects of Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation is relatively high. However, there is a big gap between different project categories and different disciplines. Therefore, attention should be paid to further supporting of the weak disciplines, the increase of financial investment in science and technology, and the introduction and cultivation of leading talents in basis research.

Meta-analysis based on Bayesian method

ZHANG Zhen,ZHAO Qiang

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2017, 30(6): 115-118. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2017.06.019

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Based on the Bayesian method, the link distribution was given in this paper, when the prior distribution was the Jeffreys prior, i.e. B（12,12). Furthermore, the result was extended, and the link distribution was given, when the prior distribution was B(α,β).

2-Dskew cyclic codes over the ringZ2+uZ2+u2Z2u3=1

ZHAO Rui-rui,LI Xiu-li

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2017, 30(6): 119-123. doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2017.06.020

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In this paper, the 2-D skew cyclic codes over the ring Z2+uZ2+u2Z2 was studied. The properties and factorizations of bivariate skew polynomial were also discussed. Then the necessary and sufficient condition for linear code to be 2-D skew cyclic code were given. Finally,the properties and the structure of 2-D skew cyclic code were researched.

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