Abstract: An innovative marine fine-scale drifting buoy and its networked observation system were designed. The buoy hardware featured a self-developed detachable wave-resistant structureand low-power core component integration technology. With the help of its dual-antenna communication architecture, the buoy was subjected to laboratory and field lake tests to quantitatively evaluate its measurement accuracy, environmental adaptability, and data stability. Based on LoRa-enabled distributed IoT communication technology, an innovative topological networking architecture was used to construct a four-node, 10 km-scale 3D observation network with a packet loss rate of less than 0.1%. FFT spectral analysis was conducted to analyze data features, and a noise reduction method was proposed. Test results showedthat the network couldsynchronously capture quasi-steady-state ocean environmental data, providing a scalable solution for high-density, multi-dimensional, fine-scale ocean monitoring. The research results were applied in teaching practice. In addition, expansion to a 10-node network has been planned to advance the engineering application of fine-scale ocean observation technology.

Key words: Marine drifting buoy, Buoy observation network, IoT communication technology, LoRa