Abstract:

The study aimed to determine the monosaccharide composition of polysaccharides from different parts (such as rhizome, taproot, and fibrous ginseng root) of Panacis Quinquefolii Radix using HILIC-CAD-ESI-TOF/MS. The polysaccharides of Panacis Quinquefolii Radix were completely hydrolyzed via ultrasound-assisted acid hydrolysis, and a Waters Xbridge Amide column (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm) with gradient elution (A for aqueous ammonium acetate solution, B for acetonitrile) at a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, column temperature of 40 ℃ was used. ESI-TOF/MS was used for qualitative identification, and CAD detector (with a nebulizer temperature of 60 ℃ and N₂ pressure of 8.8 kPa) was used for quantitative determination, combined with principal component analysis to differentiate the different parts of Panacis Quinquefolii Radix. The suggested method showed a good linearity in the corresponding mass concentration ranges (correlation coefficients>0.999 1); the detection limit was found to be between 0.03 μg/mL and 0.13 μg/mL, and recoveries between 94.17% and 107.15% were achieved. The method was applied to determine the presence of seven monosaccharides (glucose, fructose, arabinose, rhamnose, xylose, fucose, and mannose) and two uronic acids (galacuronic and glucuronic acids) in the products obtained by subjecting the different parts of Panacis Quinquefolii Radix to polysaccharide hydrolysis. In the taproot, the content of glucose was relatively high with a mean of (2.123±0.070)mg/g; in the rhizome, the contents of rhamnose, arabinose, fructose, mannose, glucuronic acid, and galacturonic acid were relatively high with a mean of (0.037±0.006)mg/g, (0.179±0.023)mg/g, (0.158±0.028)mg/g, (0.036±0.006)mg/g, (0.069±0.007)mg/g, and (0.376±0.096)mg/g, respectively; and in the fibrous ginseng root, the fucose content was relatively high with a mean of (0.120±0.005)mg/g. The suggested method was found to be simple, sensitive, and reproducible and provided method and data support for the composition of monosaccharides of Panacis Quinquefolii Radix and the exploitation of different medicinal parts.

Key words: Panacis Quinquefolii Radix, monosaccharide composition, HILIC, CAD, PCA