Abstract:

To study the invulnerability of urban public transport systems, the complex network theory is used to map and analyze the metro and bus systems. First, an improved double-layer complex network construction method is proposed based on the Space-L model. This method constructs connecting edges based on actual transfer distances and uses the peak-hour passenger capacity of lines as edge weights to develop a metro-bus double-layer network. Second, the characteristics of this network and its sub-network are analyzed using indicators such as degree, intensity, and betweenness. Finally, the random attack and intentional attack models are utilized to analyze the invulnerability of the metro-bus double-layer network and its sub-networks, respectively. The results show that the developed network exhibits a scale-free property and is vulnerabe to intentioanl attacks, exhibiting different sensitivities to various intentioanl attack indicators. Thus, the results of this study provide valuable guidelines to public transport systems for responding to emergencies and improving their robustness.

Key words: complex network, metro-bus double layer network, network characteristic analysis, intentional attack, invulnerability