贵州省威宁县全国第四次中药资源普查野生药用植物资源多样性分析与综合价值评价

doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.20230060

Abstract

Abstract:

The survey of wild medicinal resources in Weining County, Guizhou Province was conducted using the sample plot and line transect methods, and the diversity and comprehensive value of the resources were analyzed based on the literature. The survey results showed that there are 130 families, 392 genera, and 658 species of wild medicinal plants in Weining County, mainly composed of dominant families such as Compositae, large families such as Polypodiaceae, and medium-sized families such as Pinaceae. It was found that perennial herbaceous plants are the most abundant, with their main medicinal parts being roots and rhizomes, as well as whole grasses. There were 17 families, 21 genera, and 22 species with reserves, including 11 species with high comprehensive value, such as Semiaquilegia adoxoides (DC.) Makino and Tinospora sagittata (Oliv.) Gagnep., indicating that the diversity of wild medicinal plant resources and overall comprehensive value is rich, and the wild medicinal plant resources are mainly cold and flat medicinal materials in Weining County. Targeted development, utilization, and research can be conducted on cold and balanced medicinal plant resources in Weining County, to strengthen the protection of wild medicinal plant resources with high comprehensive value and provide a basis for the sustainable development and utilization of traditional Chinese medicine resources in the county.

Key words: Weining County Guizhou Province, wild medicinal plants, investigation of traditional Chinese medicine resources, diversity research, comprehensive value

CLC Number:

R282

WANG Hui, HUANG Xuan, ZHANG Chenggang, ZENG Wen, ZHOU Tao, JIANG Weike. Diversity analysis and comprehensive value evaluation of wild medicinal plant resources in the fourth national survey of traditional Chinese medicine resources in Weining County,Guizhou Province[J].Shandong Science, 2024, 37(1): 9-16.

Figures/Tables 9

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References 27

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评价指标	权重	等级	赋值
药用价值	0.40	1级:《中国药典》(2020年版)^[10]、《国家基本药物目录》^[18]均收载的种类 2级:《中国药典》(2020年版)^[10]收载的常用种类 3级:《中国药典》(2020年版)^[10]收载的较常用种类	3 2 1
分类学价值	0.08	1级:单种科、属 2级:小属(属内种数2~4种) 3级:大属(属内种数≥ 5种)	3 2 1
特有情况	0.02	1级:《贵州省道地药材目录》^[19]收载的珍稀药材种类 2级:《贵州省道地药材目录》^[19]收载的大宗药材种类 3级:《贵州省道地药材目录》^[19]未收载的种类	3 2 1
分布范围	0.15	1级:小型分布区种类(只在1~4个样地内出现) 2级:中型分布区种类(在5~10个样地内现) 3级:大型分布区种类(在10个以上的样地内出现)	3 2 1
野生资源数量	0.25	1级:野生资源数量稀少 2级:野生资源数量少 3级:野生资源数量多	3 2 1
栽培状况	0.10	1级:尚无栽培,使用的全部是野生资源 2级:有栽培,但面积较小 3级:有栽培,面积较大	3 2 1

种类	科	科占比/%	属	属占比/%	种	种占比/%
藻类	1	0.77	1	0.26	1	0.15
菌类	2	1.54	2	0.51	2	0.30
蕨类	17	13.08	28	7.14	51	7.75
裸子植物	5	3.85	8	2.04	11	1.67
被子植物	105	80.77	353	90.05	593	90.12
合计	130		392		658

生活型	种数	种占比/%	举例
乔木	61	9.27	银杏Ginkgo biloba L.、枫香树Liquidambar formosana Hance等
灌木	123	18.69	云南杨梅Morella nana (A. Chev.) J. Herb. 尖萼金丝桃Hypericum acmosepalum N. Robson等
藤本植物	52	7.90	尾叶铁线莲Clematis urophylla Franch.、绣球藤Clematis montana Buch.-Ham. ex DC.等
附生草本植物	1	0.15	槲蕨Drynaria fortunei (Kunze) J. Sm.
寄生植物	1	0.15	菟丝子Cuscuta chinensis Lam.
半灌木和小半灌木	4	0.61	鹿蹄草Pyrola calliantha H. Andres、茵陈蒿Artemisia capillaris Thunb.等
多年生草本植物	331	50.30	紫花前胡Peucedanum decursivum (Miq.) Maxim.、何首乌Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.等
一年生草本植物	77	11.70	阴行草Siphonostegia chinensis Benth.、萹蓄Polygonum aviculare L.等
寄生草本植物	3	0.46	滇列当Orobanche yunnanensis (G.Beck) Hand.-Mazz.等
半附生草本植物	1	0.15	独蒜兰Pleione bulbocodioides (Franch.) Rolfe
水生草本植物	1	0.15	灯心草Juncus effusus L.
藻菌植物	3	0.46	大马勃Calvatia gigantea (Batsch ex pers.) Lloyd等

类别	种数	占比/%	举例
根及根茎类	256	34.09	苦参Sophora flavescens Ait.、党参Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf.
全草类	216	28.76	蕺菜Houttuynia cordata Thunb.、蒲公英Taraxacum mongolicum Hand. -Mazz.
果实和种子类	86	11.45	桃Prunus persica (L.) Batsch、桑Morus alba L.
叶类	60	7.99	枇杷Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl.、柔软石韦Pyrrosia porosa (C. Presl) Hovenk.
茎木类	47	6.26	三叶木通Akebia trifoliata(Thunb.) Koidz.、通脱木Tetrapanax papyrifer (Hook.) K. Koch
皮类	32	4.26	杜仲Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.、桑Morus alba L.
花类	30	3.99	野菊Chrysanthemum indicum L.、旋覆花Inula japonica Thunb.
其他类	16	2.13	盐肤木Rhus chinensis Mill.、红麸杨Rhus punjabensis var. sinica (Diels) Rehd.et Wils.
树脂类	5	0.67	侧柏Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco、枫香树Liquidambar formosana Hance等
藻、菌类	3	0.40	麦角Claviceps purpurea (Fr.) Tul.、光洁水绵Spirogyra nitida (Dillw.) Link、大马勃Calvatia gigantea (Batsch ex pers.) Lloyd

药性	种数	占比/%	举例
寒	217	28.89	千里光Senecio scandens Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don、夏枯草Prunella vulgaris L.等
热	4	0.53	乌头Aconitum carmichaelii Debx.、吴茱萸Euodia rutaecarpa (Juss.) Benth.等
温	172	22.90	花椒Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim.、苍耳Xanthium sibiricum Patr.等
凉	141	18.77	蓟Cirsium japonicum Fisch.ex DC.、薏苡Coix lacryma-jobi L.var.ma-yuen(Roman.) Stapf等
平	217	28.89	川牛膝Cyathula officinalis Kuan、黄精Polygonatum sibiricum Delar. ex Redouté等

Diversity analysis and comprehensive value evaluation of wild medicinal plant resources in the fourth national survey of traditional Chinese medicine resources in Weining County,Guizhou Province

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