含水层压缩空气储能系统跨尺度动态模拟

doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2025100

山东科学

• 能源与动力 •

含水层压缩空气储能系统跨尺度动态模拟

秦承梁¹，陈伟^1*，郑志美²，谢宁宁²，张学林³，薛小代³

1.青岛科技大学机电工程学院，山东青岛 266061； 2.中国长江三峡集团有限公司科学技术研究院，北京 101100； 3.清华大学电机工程与应用电子技术系，北京 100084

收稿日期:2025-09-12 接受日期:2025-11-18 上线日期:2026-06-09
通信作者: 陈伟 E-mail:cw_19344616@aliyun.com
作者简介:秦承梁(2001—)，男，硕士研究生，研究方向为压缩空气储能。E-mail: qinchengliang2001@163.com
基金资助:
三峡科研院项目(202103404)

Cross-scale dynamic simulation of aquifer-based compressed air energy storage systems

QIN Chengliang¹, CHEN Wei^1*, ZHENG Zhimei², XIE Ningning², ZHANG Xuelin³, XUE Xiaodai³

1. College of Electromechanical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266061, China; 2. Institute of Science and Technology, China Three Gorges Corporation, Beijing 101100, China; 3. Department of Electrical Engineering and Applied Electronics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

Received:2025-09-12 Accepted:2025-11-18 Online:2026-06-09
Contact: CHEN Wei E-mail:cw_19344616@aliyun.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 含水层压缩空气储能(CAESA)作为大规模储能技术的重要方向，近年来在能源转型和“双碳”目标背景下受到高度关注。本研究针对含水层背斜结构，利用CMG软件实现了含水层压缩空气循环注采过程的瞬态模拟。基于Matlab/Simulink仿真平台进行数据交互和仿真运算。在设计工况下，模拟了循环注采过程中井底压力演化规律，实现地面热工系统动态运行工况与地下含水层注采过程时实演化过程的耦合。仿真分析了压缩和膨胀过程中各级压缩机和汽轮机的关键状态参数、绝热效率和输入功率的响应特性。结果表明：设计工况下压缩过程各级压缩机出口密度、温度、压力、功耗、绝热效率以及高温导热油的出口温度，质量流量均呈现上升趋势。空气经三级膨胀后，压力由2.087 MPa降至常压，密度从19.09 kg/m3降至0.904 kg/m3。因压比逐级减小，汽轮机做功递减，出口温度依次升高。绝热效率恒为0.8时，功耗关系为WHT>WMT>WLT；导热油质量流量与温度随膨胀换热先升后降。整个系统模拟运行平稳，设计工况下的储能效率达到了62.77%。

关键词: 含水层, 压缩空气储能, 储能效率, 动态仿真

Abstract: Compressed-air energy storage in aquifers (CAESA) as a key pathway for large-scale energy storage technology, has garnered significant attention in recent years against the backdrop of the energy transition and the pursuit of “dual-carbon” goals. This study proposes an underground CAESA system and presents a transient simulation of the cyclic injection and extraction of compressed air within an anticlinal aquifer structure, conducted using CMG software. Data interaction and calculations were performed using a Matlab/Simulink platform. Under the design operating conditions, the evolution of bottom-hole pressure throughout the cyclic injection and extraction processes was simulated, effectively achieving coupling between dynamic operation conditions of the surface thermal system and the real-time evolution of underground aquifer injection and production. The simulation analyzed the response characteristics of key state parameters, adiabatic efficiency, and input power at each stage of the compressors and turbines during compression and expansion. The results indicate that, under the design conditions, the outlet density, temperature, pressure, power consumption, and adiabatic efficiency of each compressor stage during the compression process, as well as the outlet temperature and mass flow rate of the high-temperature heat transfer oil, exhibit an upward trend. After three-stage expansion, the air pressure decreases from 2.087 MPa to atmospheric pressure and the air density drops from 19.09 to 0.904 kg/m3. Owing to the progressively decreasing expansion ratio, the work output of the turbine stages diminishes, resulting in sequentially increasing outlet temperatures. When the adiabatic efficiency remains constant at 0.8, the power consumption follows the orderWHT>WMT>WLT; the mass flow rate and temperature of the heat transfer oil increase first and then decrease as heat exchange occurs during the expansion process. The above-ground and underground components of the entire system operate smoothly, and the energy storage efficiency under the design conditions reaches 62.77%.

Key words: aquifers, compressed air energy storage, energy storage efficiency, dynamic simulation

中图分类号:

TK02

秦承梁, 陈伟, 郑志美, 谢宁宁, 张学林, 薛小代. 含水层压缩空气储能系统跨尺度动态模拟[J]. 山东科学, 0, (): 1-.

QIN Chengliang, CHEN Wei, ZHENG Zhimei, XIE Ningning, ZHANG Xuelin, XUE Xiaodai. Cross-scale dynamic simulation of aquifer-based compressed air energy storage systems[J]. Shandong Science, 0, (): 1-.

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含水层压缩空气储能系统跨尺度动态模拟

Cross-scale dynamic simulation of aquifer-based compressed air energy storage systems

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