压缩sCO2储能系统动态特性仿真

doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.20230127

山东科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (4): 93-104.doi: 10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.20230127

压缩sCO₂储能系统动态特性仿真

姜佳晖¹(), 王子杰², 池冉², 陈伟¹, 薛小代³, 张通³, 张学林³, 张斌¹^,^*()

1.青岛科技大学机电工程学院,山东青岛 266061
2.中国电建集团河北省电力勘测设计研究院有限公司,河北石家庄 050000
3.清华大学电机工程与应用电子技术系,北京 100084

收稿日期:2023-09-01 出版日期:2024-08-20 发布日期:2024-08-05
通信作者: 张斌 E-mail:m17854203791@163.com;zb-sh@163.com
作者简介:姜佳晖(1999—),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为压缩二氧化碳储能。E-mail:m17854203791@163.com
基金资助:
中国电建集团河北省电力勘测设计研究院有限公司科技计划项目(DJ-ZDXM-2022-17)

Study on supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage system and its operating characteristics

JIANG Jiahui¹(), WANG Zijie², CHI Ran², CHEN Wei¹, XUE Xiaodai³, ZHANG Tong³, ZHANG Xuelin³, ZHANG Bin¹^,^*()

1. College of Electromechanical Engineering,Qingdao University of Science & Technology,Qingdao 266061, China
2. Power China Hebei Electric Power Engineering Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang 050000, China
3. Department of Electrical Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084, China

Received:2023-09-01 Online:2024-08-20 Published:2024-08-05
Contact: ZHANG Bin E-mail:m17854203791@163.com;zb-sh@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

压缩超临界二氧化碳(sCO₂)储能作为一种新型储能方式,具有储能密度大,结构紧凑,使用寿命长,负碳排放等优点,因此,在能源储存转化等方面有着广阔的应用前景。基于质量守恒和能量守恒定律,建立了压缩sCO₂储能系统(SC-CCES)的动态数学模型,并完成了模型可靠性的验证;采用Matlab及Simulink软件实现了单级压缩和单级膨胀的SC-CCES系统动态特性仿真,设计工况下SC-CCES系统的储能效率为51.98%,储能密度为447.8 kWh/m³,其储能密度是传统压缩空气储能系统储能密度的20倍以上;分析了不同高压储罐入口压力对系统性能的影响,结果表明储能效率随高压储罐入口压力的增大而增大,储能密度则恰好相反。此研究为压缩二氧化碳储能的发展提供了基础。

关键词: 压缩超临界二氧化碳储能, 动态仿真, 能量守恒, 储能密度

Abstract:

As a novel energy storage method, compressed supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO₂) energy storage offers several advantages, such as high energy storage density, compact structure, long service life, and negative carbon emissions. Therefore, it has a broad application prospect in the energy storage and conversion. In this study, a dynamic mathematical model for the compressed sCO₂ energy storage system (SC-CCES) was established based on the mass conservation and energy conservation laws and the reliability of the model was verified. Additionally, dynamic simulations of the SC-CCES system with single-stage compression and single-stage expansion were performed using Matlab/Simulink. Under the designed operating conditions, the energy storage efficiency of the SC-CCES system was found to be 51.98%, with an energy storage density of 447.8 kWh/m³. The energy storage density of the SC-CCES system was more than 20 times higher than that of a traditional compressed air energy storage system. Furthermore, the impact of different high-pressure tank inlet pressures on system performance was analyzed. The results showed that the energy storage efficiency increases with the increase of the inlet pressure of the high-pressure storage tank, while the energy storage density is exactly the opposite. This study provides a basis for the development of compressed carbon dioxide energy storage.

Key words: compressed supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage, dynamic simulation, energy conservation, energy density

中图分类号:

TK02

姜佳晖, 王子杰, 池冉, 陈伟, 薛小代, 张通, 张学林, 张斌. 压缩sCO₂储能系统动态特性仿真[J]. 山东科学, 2024, 37(4): 93-104.

JIANG Jiahui, WANG Zijie, CHI Ran, CHEN Wei, XUE Xiaodai, ZHANG Tong, ZHANG Xuelin, ZHANG Bin. Study on supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage system and its operating characteristics[J]. Shandong Science, 2024, 37(4): 93-104.

图/表 16

图1

表1

图2

图3

图4

表2

表3

图5

表4

P4=40 MPa时压缩过程的能量守恒"

组件	能量	数值/kW
C	压缩功率W_C	26.54
X	换热量Q_X	-64.68
	焓差 $Δ H t o t a l$	38.13
压缩过程的总能量	-0.01

表4

表5

P4=20 MPa时膨胀过程的能量守恒"

组件	能量	数值/kW
R	换热量Q_R	74.78
T	膨胀功率W_T	-13.50
	焓差 $Δ H t o t a l$	-61.28
膨胀过程的总能量	0.00

表5

图6

图7

图8

图9

图10

图11

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符号	定义	单位	符号	定义	单位
P	压力	MPa	Δ	参数差值
v	比体积	m³/kg	h	效率
u	比热力学能	kJ/kg	τ	时间	s
h	比焓	kJ/kg	e	压比
s	比熵	kJ/( kg·K)	ρ	密度	kg/m^-3
q_m	质量流量	kg/s	N	缩减转速	r/min
n	转速	r/min	C_p	定压比热容	kJ·kg/K
k	绝热系数		V	体积	m³
W	功率	kW	G	缩减流量	m·s·K^0.5
Q	换热量	kW	A_U	总导热系数	kJ/K
T	温度	K

组件	设计条件下的参数	数值	组件	设计条件下的参数	数值
C	质量流量/(kg·s^-1) 转速/(r·min^-1) 压比绝热效率	0.6 9 600 5 0.8	T	质量流量/(kg·s^-1) 压比绝热效率	0.6 5 0.9
X	质量流量/(kg·s^-1) 导热油的质量流量/(kg·s^-1) 总导热系数/( kJ·K^-1)	0.6 0.270 5 4.974	LST	体积/m³ 初始压力/MPa 排气最低压力/MPa	400 8.7 8
R	质量流量/(kg·s^-1) 导热油的质量流量/(kg·s^-1) 总导热系数/( kJ·K^-1)	0.6 0.554 6 15.02	HST	体积/m³ 初始压力/MPa 最大压力/MPa 压力损失/Pa	100 20 40 600

状态点	P/MPa	T/K	v/(m³·kg^-1)	u/(kJ·kg^-1)	h/(kJ·kg^-1)	s/(kJ·kg^-1·K^-1)
1	7.983	312.30	0.003 51	371.3	399.3	1.647
2	40.000	432.00	0.001 71	415.8	484.2	1.686
3	40.000	318.15	0.001 06	234.8	277.3	1.130
4	40.000	336.20	0.001 14	265.1	310.6	1.231
5	20.140	377.30	0.002 15	391.7	435.0	1.657
6	8.700	319.20	0.003 43	376.8	406.6	1.662
7	0.101	298.15	0.001 25		685.7	0.000
8	0.101	383.30	0.001 25		881.6	0.578
9	0.101	328.90	0.001 25		756.5	0.226

压缩sCO₂储能系统动态特性仿真

Study on supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage system and its operating characteristics

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