不同粒径PS-MNPs对铜绿微囊藻的毒理效应

doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.20240076

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

微纳塑料(MNPs)在水体中广泛分布,其可吸附在水中微藻表面或进入微藻内部,这导致MNPs会通过食物链大量进入食物网对水生生态系统造成巨大威胁。MNPs粒径的大小会影响藻类的生理效应,选取聚苯乙烯微纳塑料(PS-MNPs)作为目标污染物,探讨不同质量浓度(5、10、50和250 mg/L)和不同粒径(100 μm和80 nm)的PS-MNPs对铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginosa FACHB 905)的毒理效应。结果表明,粒径为80 nm的PS-MNPs对藻细胞生长、叶绿素a (Chla)和藻胆蛋白的抑制作用均强于100 μm,且质量浓度越大,抑制作用越明显;此外在高质量浓度PS-MNPs胁迫下,微藻细胞内过氧化氢酶(CAT)、丙二醛脱氢酶(MDA)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)活性均显著升高,表明高质量浓度的PS-MNPs对藻细胞造成了氧化损伤,且PS-MNPs粒径越小,氧化损伤越严重。PS-MNPs主要通过表面吸附作用影响藻细胞的光合作用和能量代谢,从而阻碍藻细胞进行正常生理生化反应。实验探究了PS-MNPs对铜绿微囊藻的毒性机制,为预防铜绿微囊藻水华提供理论依据,对PS-MNPs的风险评估具有重要意义。

关键词: 微纳塑料, 聚苯乙烯, 铜绿微囊藻, 毒理效应

Abstract:

Micro/nanoplastics (MNPs) and microalgae are widely distributed in water and MNPs that adhere to the surface of microalgae or enter their internal structures will enter the food chain in large quantities, posing a great threat to aquatic ecosystems. The physiological effects of MNPs on algae vary depending on their particle sizes. In this study, polystyrene micro/nanoplastics(PS-MNPs) particles were selected as target pollutants to investigate their toxicological effects on Microcystis aeruginosa (FACHB 905) at different concentrations (5, 10, 50 and 250 mg/L) and particle sizes (100 μm and 80 nm). Results showed that the inhibition effect of 80 nm PS-MNPs exerted a more potent inhibitory effect on the growth of algal, chlorophyll a and phycobiliprotein synthesis than 100 μm PS-MNPs, and the inhibitory effect was more obvious with the increase of PS concentration. In addition, the activities of catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde dehydrogenase (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) in microalgae cells were significantly increased under the stress of high concentration of PS-MNPs, indicating that high concentration of PS-MNPs caused oxidative damage to algal cells, and smaller PS-MNPs particles can lead to more severe oxidative damage. The toxicity of PS-MNPs with different particle sizes toward M. aeruviosa mainly led to cell destruction through surface adsorption, which affected photosynthesis and energy metabolism of algal cells, hindering normal physiological and biochemical reactions in algal cells. This study, by exploring the toxicity mechanism of PS-MNPs to microcystis aeruginosa, is of great significance for the risk assessment of PS-MNPs, and provides a theoretical basis for the prevention of M. aeruginosa bloom.

Key words: micro/nanoplastics, polystyrene, Microcystis aeruginosa, toxicological effects

中图分类号:

叶鸿雁, 赵梓含, 刘春晖, 姚易含, 岳士忠, 王瑞萍. 不同粒径PS-MNPs对铜绿微囊藻的毒理效应[J]. 山东科学, 2025, 38(4): 95-105.

YE Hongyan, ZHAO Zihan, LIU Chunhui, YAO Yihan, YUE Shizhong, WANG Ruiping. Toxicological effects of micro/nanoplastics with different particle sizes on Microcystis aeruginosa[J]. Shandong Science, 2025, 38(4): 95-105.

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