高产油小球藻的超声波诱变育种

doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.20240083

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为提高微藻中油脂产率,对小球藻进行超声波诱变育种。在超声波40 kHz、100 W、20 min的条件下通过诱变筛选了10株(M1~M10)诱变株,并进一步筛选获得了M2、M5和M7共3株能够稳定遗传的高产油脂藻株,对其进行生物量、油脂产率及占比、叶绿素质量浓度及占比、蛋白质质量浓度及占比的检测。研究结果表明,M2、M5和M7的生物量分别为0.384、0.379、0.443 g/L。M2、M5和M7的油脂产率分别为14.70、13.34、25.11 mg/L,均高于野生型(WT)的9.38 mg/L。相比WT,诱变株叶绿素质量浓度分别提高14.41%、3.01%、10.24%,诱变株蛋白质质量浓度分别提高7.30%、10.52%和13.66%。该研究对生物柴油工业化生产具有重要借鉴意义。

关键词: 小球藻, 超声波, 生物量, 油脂, 叶绿素, 蛋白质

Abstract:

To enhance the microalgae lipid content, Chlorella sp. was subjected to ultrasonic mutagenesis. Mutagenesis was performed for 20 minutes under conditions of 40 kHz and 100 W, resulting in the cultivation of 10 mutant strains (M1-M10). Further screening led to the selection of three stable high-lipid-producing strains, namely M2, M5, and M7. These strains were analyzed to determine their biomass concentration and lipid, chlorophyll, and protein mass concentration and percentage. The results indicated that the biomass mass concentrations of M2, M5, and M7 were 0.384, 0.379, and 0.443 g/L, respectively. The lipid yields of M2, M5, and M7 were 14.70, 13.34, and 25.11 mg/L, respectively, all of which were higher than that of the wild type (WT) strain, which had a recorded yield of 9.38 mg/L.Compared to the WT, the chlorophyll yield of the mutant strains increased by 14.41%, 3.01%, and 10.24%, respectively, while the protein content of the mutant strains increased by 7.30%, 10.52%, and 13.66%, respectively. This study is of great significance to the industrialized production of biodiesel.

Key words: Chlorella sp., ultrasound, biomass, lipid, chlorophyll, protein

中图分类号:

Q689

宋刘洋, 宋文路, 睢站斌, 张琪, 王金国. 高产油小球藻的超声波诱变育种[J]. 山东科学, 2025, 38(4): 78-85.

SONG Liuyang, SONG Wenlu, SUI Zhanbin, ZHANG Qi, WANG Jinguo. Ultrasound-induced mutation breeding of high lipid content Chlorella sp.[J]. Shandong Science, 2025, 38(4): 78-85.

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项目	细胞干重/(mg·L^-1)	油脂产率/(mg·L^-1)	油脂占比/%	油脂提升率/%
WT	0.333±0.025	9.38±1.25	19.69±0.23
M2	0.384±0.017	14.70±3.31	26.79±0.09	56.89
M5	0.379±0.012	13.34±3.85	24.64±0.16	42.40
M7	0.443±0.006	25.11±4.96	35.62±0.16	140.67