山东科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (2): 50-58.doi: 10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2023.02.007

• 农业微生物 • 上一篇    下一篇

低温降解秸秆木霉菌的筛选、鉴定及功能评价

台少华1(), 扈进冬2, 位绍文3, 洪波4, 王希信1, 孙友敏1,*()   

  1. 1.山东建筑大学 市政与环境工程学院, 山东 济南 250101
    2.齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院)生态研究所 山东省应用微生物重点实验室, 山东 济南 250013
    3.青岛市农业行政执法支队,山东 青岛 266073
    4.山东省临沂市兰山区农业农村局, 山东 临沂 276000
  • 收稿日期:2022-04-20 出版日期:2023-04-20 发布日期:2023-04-11
  • 通信作者: *孙友敏(1974—),女,教授,研究方向为环境生态修复。Tel:13001727629,E-mail:ymsun@sdjzu.edu.cn E-mail:blink4209@163.com;ymsun@sdjzu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:台少华(1997—),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为微生物资源开发与利用。E-mail:blink4209@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院)校(院)地产学研协同创新基金(2020-CXY42);齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院)校(院)地产学研协同创新基金(2020-CXY11);山东省国际科技合作创新创业共同体国际先进科技成果产业化项目;济南市高校院所创新团队项目(2020GXRC003);济南市水务科技项目(JNSWKJ202102)

Screening,identification, and functional evaluation of low temperature degradation of straw Trichoderma

TAI Shaohua1(), HU Jindong2, WEI Shaowen3, HONG Bo4, WANG Xixin1, SUN Youmin1,*()   

  1. 1. School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering,Shandong Jianzhu University,Jinan 250101,China
    2. Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology,Ecology Institute,Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250013,China
    3. Qingdao Agricultural Administrative Law Enforcement Branch,Qingdao 266073,China
    4. Agricultural and rural Bureau of Lanshan District, Linyi 276000,China
  • Received:2022-04-20 Online:2023-04-20 Published:2023-04-11

摘要:

中国北方冬季气温低,秸秆直接还田后腐解效率低,易造成病原菌积累。为促进秸秆原位腐解,降低病原菌积累,采用低温培养结合纤维素酶、半纤维素酶、漆酶活性筛选,获得一株低温降解秸秆的木霉菌株C47-3;该菌在秸秆液体培养基中于15 ℃条件下培养15 d时,对秸秆的降解率为22.28%;该菌株经形态学观察和分子生物学鉴定为近深绿木霉Trichoderma paratroviride;木霉菌株C47-3及其挥发性物质对供试的葡萄座腔菌、禾谷丝核菌、灰葡萄孢等8种病原菌均具有抑制效果,对假禾谷镰孢菌的抑制率可达60 %以上。筛选得到的木霉菌株C47-3在提高低温条件下秸秆腐解效率的同时具有一定的生防潜能,为我国北方冬季玉米秸秆还田后高效利用及土传病害的生物防治提供了菌种资源。

关键词: 木霉, 低温, 秸秆降解, 鉴定, 抑菌率

Abstract:

Because of low temperatures in northern China during winter, straw with low decomposition efficiency is directly returned to the field, making pathogen accumulation easy. To promote in-situ decomposition of straw and reduce the accumulation of pathogenic bacteria, a strain of Trichoderma, C47-3, which degrades straw at a low temperature, was obtained through low temperature culture combined with cellulase, hemicellulase, and laccase activity screening. The strain was inoculated in straw liquid medium, and the straw degradation rate was 22.28% after 15 days of cultivation at 15 ℃. Morphological observation and molecular biology analysis revealed that the strain was Trichoderma paratroviride. The Trichoderma strain C47-3 and its volatile substances inhibited the growth of eight pathogens, including Botryosphaeria dothidea, Rhizoctonia cerealis, and Botrytis cinerea, and the inhibition rate of Fusarium pseudograminearum was greater than 60%. The screened Trichoderma strain C47-3 can improve straw decomposition efficiency at low temperatures and has biocontrol potential, providing strain resources for the efficient utilization of corn straw after returning to the field in winter and the biological control of soil-borne diseases in northern China.

Key words: Trichoderma, low temperature, straw degradation, identification, bacteriostatic rate

中图分类号: 

  • S182