远临界点垂直管内超临界CO2换热特性的数值模拟研究

doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.20240036

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

超临界CO₂在核能发电、太阳能发电、低温制冷、航空航天等领域有着重要应用。目前对超临界CO₂管内对流换热的研究大多在临界点温区附近,而在远离临界点高温高压条件下的超临界CO₂换热规律尚不明晰。在高温高压下进行了数值模拟研究,探究了质量流量、入口温度、系统压力、热流密度和管径对对流换热系数的影响,并分析了由这些工况变化引起的浮升力和流动加速效应对换热特性的影响。结果表明: 随着质量流量、入口温度、系统压力和热流密度的增加,对流换热系数增大;在不同热流密度条件下,流体的对流换热系数差值沿流动方向逐渐扩大;对流换热系数随着管径增大而减小。相较于临界点附近的换热规律,热流密度和管径对对流换热系数的影响存在差异。总体而言,压力对对流换热系数的影响相对较小。该研究对理解和完善超临界流体换热规律、指导高效安全换热器设计具有重要意义和工程价值。

关键词: 超临界CO₂, 远临界点, 垂直管, 换热特性, 数值模拟

Abstract:

Supercritical CO₂ plays an important role in many applications such as nuclear power generation, solar power generation, cryogenic refrigeration, and aerospace. Currently, the majority of studies on supercritical CO₂ convective heat transfer in tubes focus on the temperature range near the critical point, while the heat transfer patterns at high temperature and pressure far from the critical point remain unclear and need to be further studied. In this study, numerical simulations were performed to analyze the effects of mass flow, inlet temperature, system pressure, heat flux density, and tube diameter on the convective heat transfer coefficient at high temperature and pressure, as well as the effects of buoyancy and flow acceleration caused by operating conditions on the heat transfer characteristics. The results show that the convective heat transfer coefficient increases with increasing mass flow, inlet temperature, system pressure, and heat flux density. The difference in convective heat transfer coefficient gradually grows along the flow direction under different heat flux densities. Convective heat transfer coefficient decreases with increasing tube diameter. Compared with the heat transfer patterns near the critical point, heat flux density and tube diameter exert different effects on the convective heat transfer coefficient. In general, the effects of pressure on the convective heat transfer coefficient are small. This study provides significant values to understand the law of supercritical fluid heat transfer and guide the design of efficient and safe heat exchanger.

Key words: supercritical CO₂, far critical point, vertical tube, heat transfer characteristics, numerical simulation

中图分类号:

TK-9

赵崇鑫, 崔建波, 金延超, 韩亚洲, 吴龚鹏, 何燕, 魏振文. 远临界点垂直管内超临界CO₂换热特性的数值模拟研究[J]. 山东科学, 2025, 38(1): 83-95.

ZHAO Chongxin, CUI Jianbo, JIN Yanchao, HAN Yazhou, WU Gongpeng, HE Yan, WEI Zhenwen. Numerical study on heat transfer characteristics of supercritical CO₂ in vertical tubes at far-critical points[J]. Shandong Science, 2025, 38(1): 83-95.

图/表 12

图1

图2

表1

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

图8

图9

图10

图11

参考文献 31

[1]	LIANG Y C, SUN Z L, DONG M R, et al. Investigation of a refrigeration system based on combined supercritical CO₂ power and transcritical CO₂ refrigeration cycles by waste heat recovery of engine[J]. International Journal of Refrigeration, 2020, 118: 470-482. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2020.04.031.
[2]	SINGH A S, CHOUDHARY T, SANJAY S. Thermal analysis of aircraft auxiliary power unit: potential of super-Critical CO₂ brayton cycle[C]. Aero Tech Americas. 2019. DOI:10.4271/2019-01-1391.
[3]	钱中. 微型换热器瞬态传热分析[J]. 压力容器, 2011, 28(9): 26-29. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-4837.2011.09.006.
[4]	CABEZA L F, DE GRACIA A, FERNÁNDEZ A I, et al. Supercritical CO₂ as heat transfer fluid: A review[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2017, 125: 799-810. DOI: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2017.07.049.
[5]	XIE J Z, LIU D C, YAN H B, et al. A review of heat transfer deterioration of supercritical carbon dioxide flowing in vertical tubes: Heat transfer behaviors, identification methods, critical heat fluxes, and heat transfer correlations[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2020, 149: 119233. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2019.119233.
[6]	BOVARD S, ABDI M, NIKOU M R K, et al. Numerical investigation of heat transfer in supercritical CO₂ and water turbulent flow in circular tubes[J]. The Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 2017, 119: 88-103. DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2016.09.010.
[7]	董文志, 韦武, 周亭羽, 等. 入口温度对倾斜圆管内超临界CO₂的流动传热影响研究[J]. 计算机与数字工程, 2023, 51(9): 2165-2170. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-9722.2023.09.041.
[8]	朱兵国, 吴新明, 张良, 等. 垂直上升管内超临界CO₂流动传热特性研究[J]. 化工学报, 2019, 70(4): 1291-1299. DOI: 10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20180695.
[9]	庄晓如, 徐心海, 杨智, 等. 高温吸热管内超临界CO₂传热特性的数值模拟[J]. 物理学报, 2021, 70(3): 170-182. DOI: 10.7498/aps.70.20201005.
[10]	朱兵国, 张海松, 孙恩慧, 等. 超高参数CO₂在垂直管中的传热分析[J]. 化工进展, 2019, 38(11): 4880-4889. DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2019-0582.
[11]	QIU Y, LI M J, HE Y L, et al. Thermal performance analysis of a parabolic trough solar collector using supercritical CO₂ as heat transfer fluid under non-uniform solar flux[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2017, 115: 1255-1265. DOI: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.09.044.
[12]	KIM D E, KIM M H. Experimental study of the effects of flow acceleration and buoyancy on heat transfer in a supercritical fluid flow in a circular tube[J]. Nuclear Engineering and Design, 2010, 240(10): 3336-3349. DOI: 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2010.07.002.
[13]	靳遵龙, 刘东来, 刘敏珊, 等. 超临界CO₂冷却条件下水平微圆管中对流换热特性[J]. 压力容器, 2012, 29(7): 9-13. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-4837.2012.07.002.
[14]	洪瑞, 袁宝强, 杜文静. 垂直上升管内超临界二氧化碳传热恶化机理分析[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(8): 3309-3319. DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20230472.
[15]	朱兵国. 超临界二氧化碳垂直管内对流换热研究[D]. 北京: 华北电力大学, 2020.
[16]	ZHANG Q, LI H X, LIU J L, et al. Numerical investigation of different heat transfer behaviors of supercritical CO₂ in a large vertical tube[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2020, 147: 118944. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2019.118944.
[17]	LI D, XU X X, CAO Y, et al. The characteristics and mechanisms of self-excited oscillation pulsating flow on heat transfer deterioration of supercritical CO₂ heated in vertical upward tube[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2022, 202: 117839. DOI: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2021.117839.
[18]	BAE Y Y, KIM H Y, KANG D J. Forced and mixed convection heat transfer to supercritical CO₂ vertically flowing in a uniformly-heated circular tube[J]. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 2010, 34(8): 1295-1308. DOI: 10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2010.06.001.
[19]	闫晨帅. 超临界二氧化碳流动传热数值模拟研究[D]. 北京: 华北电力大学, 2021.
[20]	尹少军. 圆管内超临界二氧化碳传热特性数值模拟[D]. 北京: 华北电力大学, 2021.
[21]	朱鑫杰. 超临界CO₂垂直上升和下降对流传热特性实验研究[D]. 北京: 华北电力大学, 2021.
[22]	ZHANG Q, LI H X, KONG X F, et al. Special heat transfer characteristics of supercritical CO₂ flowing in a vertically-upward tube with low mass flux[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2018, 122: 469-482. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2018.01.112.
[23]	LEI Y C, CHEN Z Q. Numerical study on cooling heat transfer and pressure drop of supercritical CO₂ in wavy microchannels[J]. International Journal of Refrigeration, 2018, 90: 46-57. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2018.03.023.
[24]	XIANG M R, GUO J F, HUAI X L, et al. Thermal analysis of supercritical pressure CO₂ in horizontal tubes under cooling condition[J]. The Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 2017, 130: 389-398. DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2017.04.009.
[25]	XU R N, LUO F, JIANG P X. Buoyancy effects on turbulent heat transfer of supercritical CO₂ in a vertical mini-tube based on continuous wall temperature measurements[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2017, 110: 576-586. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2017.03.063.
[26]	张海松, 朱鑫杰, 朱兵国, 等. 浮升力和流动加速对超临界CO₂管内流动传热影响[J]. 物理学报, 2020, 69(6): 136-145. DOI: 10.7498/aps.69.20191521.
[27]	刘光旭, 黄彦平, 王俊峰, 等. 浮升力和流动加速效应对超临界CO₂传热影响研究[J]. 核动力工程, 2016, 37(2): 48-51. DOI: 10.13832/j.jnpe.2016.02.0048.
[28]	LIU S, HUANG Y P, LIU G X, et al. Improvement of buoyancy and acceleration parameters for forced and mixed convective heat transfer to supercritical fluids flowing in vertical tubes[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2017, 106:1144-1156.
[29]	黄宇, 段伦博. 超临界流体流动加速效应及其判别式研究进展[J]. 动力工程学报, 2022, 42(1): 94-100. DOI: 10.19805/j.cnki.jcspe.2022.01.012.
[30]	JACKSON J D, HALL W B. Influences of buoyancy on heat transfer to fluids flowing in vertical tubes under turbulent conditions[J]. Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Conference Publications, 1979, 2: 613-640.
[31]	MCELIGOT D M, COON C W, PERKINS H C. Relaminarization in tubes[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 1970, 13(2): 431-433. DOI: 10.1016/0017-9310(70)90118-3.

管径D/mm	压力p/MPa	入口温度T/K	热流密度q/(kW·m^-2)	质量流量G/(kg·m^-2·s^-1)
4	8	773	60	200
	15	673	60	200
	15	773	60	200
	15	873	60	200
	15	773	30	200
	15	773	90	200
	15	773	60	100
	15	773	60	300
	22	773	60	200
8	15	773	60	200
12	15	773	60	200

远临界点垂直管内超临界CO₂换热特性的数值模拟研究

Numerical study on heat transfer characteristics of supercritical CO₂ in vertical tubes at far-critical points

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 12

参考文献 31

相关文章 15

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0

管径D/mm	压力p/MPa	入口温度T/K	热流密度q/(kW·m^-2)	质量流量G/(kg·m^-2·s^-1)
4	8	773	60	200
	15	673	60	200
	15	773	60	200
	15	873	60	200
	15	773	30	200
	15	773	90	200
	15	773	60	100
	15	773	60	300
	22	773	60	200
8	15	773	60	200
12	15	773	60	200

[1]	张芮菡, 姜乐文, 王越, 郝宗睿. 自诱导漩涡收油器的结构参数优选与除油效果研究[J]. 山东科学, 2024, 37(6): 12-21.
[2]	冯浩, 王杰, 隋春杰, 陈伟, 张斌. 分布盘型浸没燃烧蒸发器数值模拟研究[J]. 山东科学, 2024, 37(4): 75-83.
[3]	张国建, 孟浩, 熊威, 白涛, 孟现臣, 王军, 吕晓. 人工湖下连采连充煤炭开采地表移动变形预测研究[J]. 山东科学, 2023, 36(5): 33-43.
[4]	李鹏举, 钱林根, 吴强, 黄山, 陈甦. 悬挂式止水帷幕基坑降水开挖对临近高铁桥墩影响[J]. 山东科学, 2022, 35(6): 116-122.
[5]	董辉,任旭云. 基于DEM-CFD耦合方法的水合物与砂颗粒运动分析[J]. 山东科学, 2022, 35(3): 123-130.
[6]	王小雨,张聿祥. 内插中心斜杆换热管的换热性能[J]. 山东科学, 2022, 35(3): 35-42.
[7]	季璨, 刘志刚, 吕明明. 余热发电系统双S型旋流片喷嘴内部闪蒸过程数值研究[J]. 山东科学, 2021, 34(6): 77-82.
[8]	高国强, 陈国富. 多元流体油藏传热计算新模型[J]. 山东科学, 2021, 34(5): 49-57.
[9]	纪君娜. 栅栏板护面下护岸越浪数值模拟[J]. 山东科学, 2021, 34(4): 14-20.
[10]	黄庭祥, 胡成功, 姜小辉, 孙晓, 曹亮, 赵红霞. 双层皮带机防雨罩流场和粉尘浓度场分析[J]. 山东科学, 2021, 34(4): 80-86.
[11]	霍慕杰, 别海燕, 林子昕, 安维中. 转子流道倾斜式的外驱旋转压能交换器性能研究[J]. 山东科学, 2020, 33(6): 16-21.
[12]	刘进, 蒋慧略, 刘波, 杜大伟. 汽车外流场分析以及流线型改进[J]. 山东科学, 2020, 33(3): 87-92.
[13]	温永祺, 谢东繁, 王祥, 周豪. 基于车间通信的换道策略研究[J]. 山东科学, 2019, 32(4): 46-55.
[14]	孙德智，王桂青, 田长文. 基于MAGMASOFT的大型铝合金叶轮铸造工艺模拟[J]. 山东科学, 2018, 31(4): 44-49.
[15]	唐晟，赵耀华，刁彦华，全贞花. 多孔挤压铝扁管电子芯片热沉的热性能研究[J]. 山东科学, 2018, 31(3): 39-47.

管径D/mm	压力p/MPa	入口温度T/K	热流密度q/(kW·m^-2)	质量流量G/(kg·m^-2·s^-1)
4	8	773	60	200
	15	673	60	200
	15	773	60	200
	15	873	60	200
	15	773	30	200
	15	773	90	200
	15	773	60	100
	15	773	60	300
	22	773	60	200
8	15	773	60	200
12	15	773	60	200