常用双极板焊接工艺及其接头组织性能对比研究

doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.20240021

山东科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6): 67-74.doi: 10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.20240021

常用双极板焊接工艺及其接头组织性能对比研究

侯东旭¹(), 殷子强¹^,^*(), 任远²^,³, 马新强²^,³, 成巍³

1.济南大学机械工程学院,山东济南 250022
2.山东产研强远激光科技有限公司,山东聊城 252000
3.齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院) 山东省科学院激光研究所,山东济南 250104

收稿日期:2024-01-29 出版日期:2024-12-20 发布日期:2024-12-05
通信作者: *殷子强(1982—),男,副教授,研究方向为先进装备制造技术。E-mail:18660291362@126.com, Tel:15168813320
作者简介:侯东旭(2000—),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为先进装备制造技术。E-mail:2207199692@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(51305245);国家自然科学基金(51505267);国家自然科学基金(51805303);山东省重点研发项目(2019JZZY010452);山东省重点研发项目(2019GGX104036);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2012EEQ013);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2020ME150);山东省科技型中小企业创新能力提升工程项目(2022TSGC1130);山东省科技型中小企业创新能力提升工程项目(2022TSGC2567);山东省科技型中小企业创新能力提升工程项目(2023TSGC0617)

Comparative study on the common bipolar plate welding processes and their joint microstructures and performance

HOU Dongxu¹(), YIN Ziqiang¹^,^*(), REN Yuan²^,³, MA Xinqiang²^,³, CHENG Wei³

1. College of Mechanical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
2. Shandong Qiangyuan Laser of SDIIT Ltd., Liaocheng 252000, China
3. Laser Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250104, China

Received:2024-01-29 Online:2024-12-20 Published:2024-12-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究适合于金属双极板的焊接方式,采用激光焊、真空扩散焊、钎焊、超声波焊4种常见双极板焊接方式对0.1 mm 316L不锈钢进行了焊接。通过使用CHI-604E型电化学工作站测量了4种焊接接头的动电位极化曲线,比较了4种接头的电化学腐蚀性能,结合微观组织、化学成分分析了电化学腐蚀行为。研究发现真空扩散焊接头以及激光焊接头的抗腐蚀能力较强,超声波焊接头与钎焊接头抗腐蚀能力较弱。使用激光光谱共聚焦显微镜测量了4种焊接试样的焊后变形量,在夹具作用下,激光焊试样变形量相较于其他试样变形量较小。将4种焊接方式在焊接过程中所使用的焊接时间、焊接工艺进行了比较。经过综合对比分析,最终确定激光焊接为这4种常见金属双极板焊接方式的最佳选择。

关键词: 激光焊接, 钎焊, 真空扩散焊, 超声波焊, 316L不锈钢, 电化学腐蚀, 焊后变形量

Abstract:

In order to study the welding methods suitable for metal bipolar plates, 0.1 mm 316L stainless steel was welded by four common bipolar plate welding methods : laser welding, vacuum diffusion welding, brazing and ultrasonic welding.The potentiodynamic polarization curves of four kinds of welded joints were measured by using CHI-604E electrochemical workstation. The electrochemical corrosion properties of four kinds of welded joints were compared, and the electrochemical corrosion behavior was analyzed by combining microstructure and chemical composition.It is found that the corrosion resistance of vacuum diffusion welded joints and laser welded joints is strong, and the corrosion resistance of ultrasonic welded joints and brazed joints is weak.The post-weld deformation of four kinds of welded specimens was measured by laser spectral confocal microscope. Under the action of fixture, the deformation of laser welded specimens was smaller than that of other specimens.The welding time and welding process used in the welding process of the four welding methods were compared.After comprehensive comparison, laser welding is finally determined as the best choice for these four common metal bipolar plate welding methods.

Key words: laser welding, brazing, vacuum diffusion welding, ultrasonic welding, 316L stainless steel, galvanic corrosion, post-weld deformation

中图分类号:

TN249

侯东旭, 殷子强, 任远, 马新强, 成巍. 常用双极板焊接工艺及其接头组织性能对比研究[J]. 山东科学, 2024, 37(6): 67-74.

HOU Dongxu, YIN Ziqiang, REN Yuan, MA Xinqiang, CHENG Wei. Comparative study on the common bipolar plate welding processes and their joint microstructures and performance[J]. Shandong Science, 2024, 37(6): 67-74.

图/表 11

表1

图1

图2

表2

表3

电解质成分单位:mol/L"

c(F^-)	c(Ca²⁺)	c(Na⁺)	c(Br^-)	c(Cl^-)	c(S $O 4 2 -$ )
5.7×10^-4	1.26×10^-5	2.1×10^-5	8.1×10^-5	2.7×10^-6	1.3×10^-6

表3

图3

表4

图4

图5

表5

图6

参考文献 12

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焊接接头	自腐蚀电位/V	自腐蚀电流密度/(μA·cm^-2)	工作电位下腐蚀电流密度/(μA·cm^-2)
钎焊接头	-0.523	29.48	41.2
超声波焊接头	-0.517	19.42	37.9
激光焊接头	-0.482	18.49	28.3
真空扩散焊接头	-0.476	17.88	20.1

焊接试样	w(Cr)	w(Ni)	w(C)	w(Mn)	w(O)
钎焊试样	39.4	34.5	20.2	3.2	2.6
激光焊试样	46.9	25.6	19.8	4.9	2.8
真空扩散焊试样	49.9	29.5	15.3	2.8	2.5
超声波试样	43.5	24.5	19.9	3.3	8.8

常用双极板焊接工艺及其接头组织性能对比研究

Comparative study on the common bipolar plate welding processes and their joint microstructures and performance

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焊接方式	焊接温度/℃	焊接时间/min	压力/MPa
钎焊	20~900	70	0
	900	10	0
	900~1 170	10	0
	1 170	10	0
	1 170~200	194	0
真空扩散焊	20~800	78	6
	800	10	6
	800~950	15	6
	950	60	6
	950~200	150	6
超声波焊接	25	0.02	0.3
激光焊接	25	0.008	0

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