济源南山林场不同季节空气负氧离子浓度特征及影响因素

doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2025035

山东科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (3): 68-74.doi: 10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2025035

济源南山林场不同季节空气负氧离子浓度特征及影响因素

庞国涛¹^,²^,³(), 巴音吉¹^,²^,³, 李兆贺¹^,², 王晓恩¹^,², 马汝强¹^,², 刘杰¹^,²

¹ 中国地质调查局烟台海岸带地质调查中心, 山东烟台 264000
² 自然资源部黄河入海口陆海交互作用野外科学观测研究站, 山东烟台 264000
³ 自然资源要素耦合过程与效应重点实验室, 北京 100055

收稿日期:2025-04-03 修回日期:2025-06-07 出版日期:2026-06-20 上线日期:2026-01-27
作者简介:庞国涛(1990—),男,硕士,工程师,研究方向为自然资源、环境地质调查与评价工作。E-mail:pgt5241@163.com
基金资助:
中国地质调查局项目(DD20220885)

Seasonal characteristics and influencing factors of negative air ion concentration in Nanshan Forest, Jiyuan

PANG Guotao¹^,²^,³(), BA Yinji¹^,²^,³, LI Zhaohe¹^,², WANG Xiaoen¹^,², MA Ruqiang¹^,², LIU Jie¹^,²

¹ Yantai Center of Coastal Zone Geological Survey, China Geological Survey, Yantai 264000, China
² Ministry of Natural Resources Observation and Research Station of Land-Sea Interaction Field in the Yellow River Estuary, Yantai 264000, China
³ Key Laboratory of Natural Resource Coupling Process and Effects, Beijing 100055, China

Received:2025-04-03 Revised:2025-06-07 Published:2026-06-20 Online:2026-01-27

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以济源市南山林场为研究区,探究不同季节空气负氧离子(NAI)浓度的时空变化特征及其主要影响因素。通过2021年6月至2022年5月的连续观测,结合RR-9411A监测设备和自动气象站数据,分析NAI浓度的日变化、季节差异及其与环境因子的相关性。结果表明:秋季NAI浓度(均值889 个/cm³)>夏季NAI浓度(756 个/cm³)>冬季NAI浓度(601 个/cm³)>春季NAI浓度(430 个/cm³)。日变化特征显示,秋季浓度峰值出现在11:00(1 030 个/cm³),夏季呈现“双峰双谷”模式,冬季峰值滞后于正午,而春季波动较小。相关性分析表明:研究区NAI浓度与风速、温度、相对湿度及颗粒物(PM10、PM2.5)存在显著季节差异性关联,春季受风速和湿度主导,夏季与温度和风速正相关,冬季则与PM和相对湿度显著相关。植被光合作用强度、气象条件(如降水、逆温层)及人类活动是驱动NAI季节分异的关键因素。该研究为优化林场生态管理、提升空气质量评估提供科学依据。

关键词: 空气负氧离子, 季节变化, 日变化, 环境因子

Abstract:

This study investigates the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of negative air ion (NAI) concentration and the primary factors influencing it across different seasons using Jiyuan Nanshan Forest as the research site. Based on continuous observations conducted from June 2021 to May 2022 using RR-9411A monitoring equipment and data obtained from an automatic weather station, this study analyzes the diurnal and seasonal variations in NAI concentration and its correlation with environmental factors. Results show that the order of seasonal average NAI concentrations is autumn (889 ion·cm^-3) > summer (756 ion·cm^-3) > winter (601 ion·cm^-3) > spring (430 ion·cm^-3). The diurnal variation patterns reveal that (i) in autumn, peak NAI concentration in appears at 11:00 (1 030 ion·cm^-3); (ii) in summer, a “double-peak and double-valley” pattern is observed; (iii) in winter, the peak lags behind noon; and (iv) in spring, fluctuations are minimal. Correlation analysis reveals significant seasonal differences in the relationships between NAI concentration and environmental factors, namely, wind speed, temperature, relative humidity, and particulate matter (PM)—specifically, PM with a diameter of ≤10 μm and PM with a diameter of ≤2.5 μm. In spring, the NAI concentration is primarily influenced by wind speed and humidity. Moreover, in summer, it is positively correlated with temperature and wind speed, and in winter, it is significantly correlated with PM levels and relative humidity. Furthermore, vegetation photosynthesis intensity, meteorological conditions (e.g., precipitation and inversion layer), and human activities are found to be the key drivers of the seasonal differentiation in NAI. This study provides a scientific basis for optimizing forest ecological management and improving air quality assessments.

Key words: negative air ions, seasonal variation, diurnal variation, environmental factors

中图分类号:

X823

庞国涛, 巴音吉, 李兆贺, 王晓恩, 马汝强, 刘杰. 济源南山林场不同季节空气负氧离子浓度特征及影响因素[J]. 山东科学, 2026, 39(3): 68-74.

PANG Guotao, BA Yinji, LI Zhaohe, WANG Xiaoen, MA Ruqiang, LIU Jie. Seasonal characteristics and influencing factors of negative air ion concentration in Nanshan Forest, Jiyuan[J]. Shandong Science, 2026, 39(3): 68-74.

图/表 3

参考文献 27

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环境因子	与各季节相关性
环境因子	春季	夏季	秋季	冬季
气压	-0.310	0.016	-0.026	0.140
风速(10 m)	0.478^*	0.423^*	-0.243	-0.446^*
温度	0.566^**	0.589^*	0.221	0.115
湿度	-0.599^**	-0.510^**	-0.012	0.508^*
PM10	-0.150	-0.226	0.041	0.591^**
PM2.5	-0.404	-0.299	-0.290	0.643^**

济源南山林场不同季节空气负氧离子浓度特征及影响因素

Seasonal characteristics and influencing factors of negative air ion concentration in Nanshan Forest, Jiyuan

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