Table of Content

20 April 2015 Volume 28 Issue 2

  

Oceanographic Science, Technology and Equipment

Application of data compression in the communications system of an oceandata buoy

WANG Wenyan,LI Wenqing,WANG Xiaoyan,WANG Bo

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(2):  1-5.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.02.001

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We propose a realtime lossless data compression technology forbit splicing, LZW and improved LZW combined approach to reduce transmission time and cost of the communications system of an ocean data buoy. Its average compression ratio is less than 40%, which can reduce communication time.Practical application shows that this technology improves data compression ratio,reduces communication cost and guarantees system reliability.

BP network based underwater equipment applied SOFC system temperature model

ZHANG Ying, ZHANG Yingying, FAN Pingping, HOU Guangli

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(2):  6-10.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.02.002

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We constructed underwater equipment applied SOFC system heat management model based on BP network. We then performed linear prediction for the model. We also repeatedly trained the models of the combustor, heat exchanger and pile, selected proper parameters and tested the trained models. The error between tested data and practical data satisfied the requirement. We further applied the same data to the training and test of BP network based SOFC system model. Results show that the error between tested data and practical data is about ±1℃.The model can therefore provide important theory and methodology support for the development of the prototype of SOFC system.

Structure design of the carrier of SBF3-2 wave buoy

ZHENG Shanshan，SUN Jinwei，QI Yong，FAN Xiutao，FU Xiao

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(2):  11-17.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.02.003

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We designed a new carrier of wave measuring buoy with stainless steel 316,and its new canopy structure and battery cabin layout. After its computer simulation, we performed simulation calculation for its static hydraulic characteristics and stability. Simulation results show that draught height of the buoy is 0.43 m,and the number of stability criterion is 1.21.This can satisfy the requirements.Sea trial and actual application results show that the body of the buoy is standard,safe and reliable. It has also good sealing performance,simple in stallation and convenient transportation.

Traditional Chinese medicine and natural active products

Differences of protective effect of liposoluble components in Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. from different origin places to H9C2 cardiac myocytes injured by oxygen/glucose deprivation

LIYan1,WANGPing2,DING Xiaoyan2,GAO Yan2,WEI Xia3,ZHAO Bonian2

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(2):  18-25.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.02.004

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We compared content differences of liposoluble components of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.from different origin places with HPLC spectrogram.We determined the survival rate of cardiac myocytes injured by oxygen/glucose deprivation (OGD）for 1,2 and 3 h by MTT assay to construct the model group of oxygen/glucose deprivation. We further added low,medium and high dosage of liposoluble components in the cells of the model group and determined the concentration of drugs adding through the observation of cellular morphology.We then detected LDH content, TAC and survival rate (SR) of cells of every group, which were served as the parameters identifying the differences of protective effect of liposoluble components of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.Results show that the survival rates, LDH and TAC of OGD group and treatment group are significantly different from those of control group (P＜0.05).The survival rate, LDH and TAC of treatment group is also significantly different from those of OGD group(P＜0.05).Liposoluble components of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.dramatically reduce the overflow of LDH after H9C2 cardiac myocytes were injured through oxygen/glucose deprivation.They can also increase SR and TAC of cardiac myocytes,which do have protective effect to OGD damaged cardiac myocytes.Moreover, the protective effects of liposoluble components of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.from different origin places to H9C2 cardiac myocytes injured by OGD are indeed different.

Comparison of vacuum and conventional extraction of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.

MA Ran1,2, ZHAO Wei1,2,DUAN Wenjuan2, WANG Xiao2*,LIU Wei, LIU Feng2,LIU Jianhua2

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(2):  26-30.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.02.005

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We compared the contents of Salvianolicacid B, protein and soluble sugar, light transmittance and DPPH free radical scavenging rate of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.between vacuum extraction and conventional extraction. Optimum conditions of vacuum extraction were ethanol concentration of 50%, solid to liquid ratio of 1:10, vacuum degree of 0.07 MPa, temperature of 50 ℃ and extraction time of 1.0 hour. For identical extraction agents, extraction rates of Salvianolic acid B and DPPH free radical scavenging rate were equal for vacuum extraction and heat reflux extraction, greater than those of ultrasonic extraction and warm immersion extraction.The extract yield, contents of protein and soluble sugar of vacuum extraction were higher than those of ultrasonic extraction and warm immersion extraction, but lower than those of heat reflux extraction. Vacuum extraction of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.has high extraction rate of Salvianolic acid B, clear extracting solution and less impurity, superior to conventional extraction.

Energy and Power

Impact of heating wall on vortex shedding of microcylinders

GUAN Ning, LIU Zhigang*, ZHANG Chengwu, JIANG Guilin, DING Ning

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(2):  31-38.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.02.006

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We established a twodimensional numerical model and comparatively investigated the impact of heating wall on vortex shedding of microcylinders with different diameters of 2 cm, 20 μm and 2 μm for low Reynolds number (0~100). We further addressed the cause and influence of diameter, wall and fluid temperature difference on vortex growth and shedding law, velocity at wake region, temperature field and distribution of vortex street parameters.We also fitted the quantitative relationship between Strouhal number and low Reynolds number.We found that vortices street of a microcylinder at wake region appeared much earlier than that of a conventionsized cylinder when its diameter reduced to 2 μm. However, heating wall reduced the discrepancies among the cylinders with three different diameters and made the appearance of the lowest Re all less than 40 for the vortex street at leeward region. The ratio of row distance h to line distance l of vortex street increased with the increase of temperature difference between the wall and the fluid, but the ratio of vortex street at wake region of different diameter cylinders decreased with the increase of Re for identical temperature difference. The ratio significantly increased with the decrease of the diameter of microcylinders for identical Re. Sr of a microcylinder with heating wall was greater than that without heating wall, the biggest discrepancy of 20% available.

Flat microheat pipe arrays based thermal performance of a newtype solar energy air collector

ZHU Tingting, DIAO Yanhua*, ZHAO Yaohua, DENG Yuechao

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(2):  39-46.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.02.007

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We constructed a 3D steadystatus model for flat microheat pipe arrays solar energy air collector. We also performed grid segmentation and numerical calculation for the physical model of single heat collection unit with software Gambit and Fluent. We further simulated heat exchange and flow of single pipe and verified its effectiveness by experiments.Experimental results show that the simulated results fit well with the experimental results, less than 12% deviation.This demonstrates the rationality of the model. Our research can provide theoretical basis for optimization design of flat microheat pipe arrays solar energy air collector in future.

Biosensors

Response characteristics of pyranose oxidase electrode to glucose and xylose

BI Chunyuan,ZHANG Jinling, ZHANG Liqun,DU Yi,SHI Jianguo

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(2):  47-52.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.02.008

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We respectively immobilized pyranose oxidase (PROD) and glucose oxidase (GOD) on the membrane of cellulose acetate with glutaralde hydecros slinker and prepared amperometric electrochemical enzyme electrodes. We respectively detected different concentrations glucose, xylose and their combinations. We addressed the response characteristics of PROD electrode to glucose and xylose with GOD electrode as a control. Results show that PROD electrode has better response characteristics to both glucose and xylose.The reproducibility ( RSD) is 1.10%(n=10) for glucose and 0.80% (n=10）for xylose.Better linear relationship is 0.9990 in the scope of 10~1 000 mg/L for glucose, and 0.9998 in the scope of 10~1 600 mg/L for xylose. PROD electrode exhibits dominant doublesubstrate catalytic characteristics for the combination of glucose and xylose, whose response to glucose and xylose has linear relationship within a certain concentration range.

Microporous Prussian Blue/gold composite material based enzyme electrochemical sensor

WANG Chunlei,LIN Meng

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(2):  53-57.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.02.009

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Microporous Prussian Blue/gold composite material was prepared with electrochemical deposition and hydrogen bubble as a template. We designeda highly sensitive electrochemical glucose sensor through immobilizing glucose oxidase on the surface of the composite material. We further employed typical currenttime response to investigate its electrocatalytic property to glucose. Results show that its response time is 7 s, and linear detection range is 0.05 to 3.75 mmol/L. The sensor also has better reproducibility and higher stability.

Impact of Rhizopus oryzae and Lactobacillus fermentationon corn flour property

LIU Qingai, YANG Junhui, MENG Qingjun, YANG Yan, SHI Jianguo

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(2):  58-62.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.02.010

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We addressed property changes of corn flour fermented through Rhizopus oryzae and Lactobacillus by microorganism fermentation. Results indicate that the contents of starch and total sugar decrease after fermentation, but the contents of soluble glucose and reducing sugar respectively increase 18.6 and 16.5 times, and 5 and 4 times. Moistureholding capacity and solubility of fermented corn flour respectively increase 45.7% and 63.0%, and 2.6 and 2.5 times.Swelling index of glutenin increases 80% and 90%.The method improves ductility, transparency and absorbent of corn flour, which can significantly increase the chewiness and elasticity of corn flour.

Tranfic and Transportation

Cumulative prospect theory based urban railway traffic route choice for travelers in emergent events

WANG Xu,WU Jianjun

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(2):  63-69.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.02.011

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Emergent events frequently happen and have great influence on passengers in urban railway traffic network.We established urban railway traffic route choice model for travelers in emergent events based on cumulative prospect theory. We also analyze the impact of emergent events on the behavior of travelers in urban railway traffic.Results show that the theory can well describe the behavior of urban railway network route choice of travelers in emergent event.

BP neural network based volume forecast of wholly social containerized freight

QIN Jian,HE Shiwei

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(2):  70-74.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002０4026.2015.02.012

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We generalize wholly social containerized freight volume from 1995 to 2012. We also screen out indexes with gray correlation analysis method.We further construct BP neural network prediction model, based on which we predict wholly social containerized freight domestic demand from 2013 to 2020.Prediction results show that BP neural network model has better fitting effect for the actual past value and little error. It demonstrates that the model has higher reliability and practicability.

Environment and Ecology

Isolation, identification and optimization of growth conditions of a strain of phenanthrene degrading bacteria

HUANG Yujie, QIU Weizhong, GAO Yongchao, KONG Xue, ZHANG Wen, WANG Jianing

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(2):  75-80.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.02.013

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A phenanthrene degradable strain SP3 was isolated from petrolcontaminated soil. It was roughly identified as Mycobacterium sp.through physiological and biochemical identification and contrast analysis of 16S rDNA sequences. Phenanthrene could be served as its unique carbon source.The degradation rate is more than 99% in such conditions as mineral salt medium of phenanthrene concentration of 100 μg/mL,shaking culture of 28 ℃ and 7 days. We discovered that optimal culture medium of strain SP3 included starch of 1%, beef extract of 1%,Na2HPO4 of 0.2%and NaH2PO4 of 0.2%. We determined its optimum culture conditions of temperature of 30 ℃, initial pH of 7.5 and culture time of 12 h through single factor experiment.

Determination of 16 PAHs in oil field soil samples with accelerated solventextraction, GPC and gas chromatographymass spectrometry

WANG Leilei, ZHENG Liwen, KONG Xue, CHEN Guanhong, WANG Jianing

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(2):  81-86.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.02.014

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We collected 16 PAHs in oil field soil samples with accelerated solvent extraction and GPC to eliminate background interference and make acquired data more reliable.We then constructed efficient and precise analysis method by gas chromatographymass spectrometry.Its correlation coefficients with 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were more than 0.997. Its detection limit, average recovery rate and RSD were 0.8~7.3 ng/mL, 82.8％~94.2％, and 1.38％~8.86％.Practical analysis and test results show that the method was suitable for PAHs analysis of oil field soil.

Other Research Article

1.9 ns LDendpumped passively Qswitched Nd:YVO4 laser with GaAs

LI Jian， HU Wen,ZHANG Zhilong,XU Yongna

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(2):  87-82.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.02.015

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We addressed the output properties of adiodeendpumped Nd:YVO4/GaAs laser passively Qswitched with GaAs saturable absorber.The maximum output slope efficiencies of the continuous wave (CW)and Qswitching operation were 41.5% and 11.4%. We obtained the shortest pulse width of only 1.9 ns with a 700μm thick GaAs wafer as a satuable absorber and a plane mirror of T=6.5% as a output coupler (OC) of a 15 mm long laser cavity. Pulse repetition frequency acquired by T=6.5% and T=20% OCs respectively increased from 18.7 and 23.9 kHz to 53 and 41.3 kHz in the increasing process of absorbed pumping power from 0.5 to 5.6 W. The biggest pulse energy obtained through these two OCs was 8.5 and 13.3 μJ, whose peak powers were 4.45 and 4.6 kW. This Qswitched Nd:YVO4/GaAs laser had very high amplitude stability, whose Qswitched pulse amplitude fluctuation was less than 3% for high pump power.

A survey of the controller of software defined network

ZHANG Wei,WANG Yongbo,WANG Lu, SUN Meng

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(2):  93-100.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.02.016

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The separation of control and data layers in software defined networking provides a wide space for the improvement of network available rate. Its controller, a core technology, receives wide attention from many researchers. We address the core function of its controller and surveys the research advances of availability, performance, extendability and reliability of its controller through analysis of its typical architecture. We conclude that we should highlight its backbone network service abstract, controller performance optimization and newborn security and reliability issues in future.

MapReduce based web crawler design and implementation

LI Chen, ZHU Shiwei, Zhao Yanqing,YU Junfeng

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(2):  101-107.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.02.017

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We design and implement a MapReduce based web crawler system for such issues as low efficiency and bad scalability of a single crawler system. It employs HDFS and HBase to store web information and extracts web information through a row block distribution function. It then measures similarity for acquired web information by Simhash algorithm and deduplication strategy of similarity analysis of URL and web information. Experimental results show that it has better performance and scalability, and increases average crawling speed by 4.8 times, as compared with single crawling system.

BP neural network based classification method for iris image quality

LIU Fei, GU Wenjing, WANG Gongtang, WAN Honglin

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(2):  108-112.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.02.018

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We present a BP neural network based classification method for iris image quality in view of such badquality image issues as insufficient light condition, glasses reflection and eyelid shelter in the process of iris image acquisition.We initially employ twodimensional wavelet transform to extract the features of an iris image, and then train a BP neural network with the extracted and normalized image as its input，finally.We therefore implement the goal of distinguishing the iris images affected by three different factors from unaffected images.Experimental results show that the method has higher classification accuracy and lower error rate.

RBFNN tuning based application of PID control in tracking control of flexible joint inverted pendulum

JIANG Feng

SHANDONG SCIENCE. 2015, 28(2):  113-118.  doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2015.02.019

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We present a radial basis function neural network (RBFNN)tuning based PID control strategy.It is then applied to the tracking control of flexible joint inverted pendulum. It acquires Jacobian information of flexible joint inverted pendulum by the identification of neural network,and adaptively adjusts PID control parameters by gradient descent method.Simulation results show that the method has rapid response and small overshoot, as compared with other conventional PID control methods. It better solves the difficulty inparameters tuning of PID control method,and implements effective tracking and control over flexible joint inverted pendulum.