黄河三角洲湿地生态退化修复的应用研究进展

doi:10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2023.06.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

系统综述了黄河三角洲湿地生态退化现状及退化原因,并对其生态修复技术进行概括归纳。发现黄河三角洲湿地退化严重,总体面积逐年缩减,同时组成结构发生改变,自然湿地不断减少而人工湿地逐渐增加,景观格局呈现破碎化趋势,生态系统服务功能严重退化。造成黄河三角洲湿地生态退化的原因主要包括黄河水沙通量减少、海-陆交互作用增强、土壤盐渍化加剧、气候暖干化、外来物种入侵和人类活动。目前采用的生态修复技术包括生物组分修复、水体修复、土壤改良和综合生境修复。最后针对性地提出黄河三角洲湿地修复建议,对实践黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展的国家重大战略具有重要意义。

关键词: 黄河三角洲, 退化湿地, 湿地环境, 生物多样性, 生态修复, 环境污染, 海岸景观

Abstract:

A systematic review was conducted on the current status and causes of the ecological degradation of wetlands in the Yellow River Delta (YRD), and the ecological restoration technologies were summarized. The results revealed that the wetland areas in the YRD are currently in a serious state of degradation, with the total area of wetlands shrinking year by year. Along with the shrinking of the wetland area, the wetland composition has changed, natural wetlands are decreasing while artificial wetlands are gradually increasing, the pattern of the landscape shows a trend toward fragmentation, and the service function of the ecosystem has been seriously degraded. The main causes of wetland ecological degradation in the YRD include the reduction of water and sediment fluxes from the Yellow River, increased sea-land interactions, intensified salinization of the soil, climate change, invasive species, and human activities. Current ecological restoration techniques for wetland restoration include biocomponent restoration, water body restoration, soil improvement, and comprehensive habitat restoration. This study will utimately provide specific recommendations for wetland restoration in the YRD, which is of great significance for the national strategy of ecological protection and the high-quality development of the YRD.

Key words: Yellow River Delta, degraded wetlands, wetland environment, biodiversity, ecological restoration, environmental pollution, coastal landscape

中图分类号:

蔡馨燕, 王毅, 陈英凯. 黄河三角洲湿地生态退化修复的应用研究进展[J]. 山东科学, 2023, 36(6): 112-120.

CAI Xinyan, WANG Yi, CHEN Yingkai. Progress of applied research on the ecological degradation and restoration of wetlands in the Yellow River Delta: a review[J]. Shandong Science, 2023, 36(6): 112-120.

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