关键词: 瓶颈, 拥挤收费, Greenshields模型, 用户平衡

Abstract:

     This paper presents the evolution of flow in bottleneck road section based on Greenshields model, and calculates the travel cost of travelers at each time moment. Flow allocation at each time moment is adjusted based on the relationship between total trip cost and flow till UE equilibrium is reached. The paper also designs a certain congestion pricing in congestion time period, and analyzes flow allocation and congestion situation after congestion pricing. Optimized congestion pricing and pricing time period are further obtained, which is significant for alleviating traffic congestion. 

Key words: bottleneck, congestion pricing, Greenshields model, user equilibrium